Part I
Definitions

8VAC20-22-10. Definitions.

The following words and terms when used in this chapter shall have the following meanings indicated unless the context clearly implies otherwise:

"Accredited institution" means an institution of higher education accredited by a regional accrediting agency recognized by the United States Department of Education.

"Alternate route to licensure" means a nontraditional route to licensure available to individuals who meet the criteria specified in 8VAC20-22-90.

"Approved program" means a professional education program recognized as meeting state standards for the content and operation of such programs so graduates of the program will be eligible for state licensure. The Board of Education has the authority to approve programs in Virginia.

"Cancellation" means the withdrawal of a teaching license following the voluntary return of the license by the license holder.

"Certified provider" means a provider certified by the Department of Education to provide preparation and training for applicants seeking the Provisional License specified in 8VAC20-22-90.

"Collegiate Professional License" means a five-year, renewable license available to an individual who has satisfied all requirements for licensure, including the professional teacher's assessments prescribed by the Board of Education.

"Content area coursework" means courses at the undergraduate level (i.e., two-year or four-year institution) or at the graduate level that will not duplicate previous courses taken in the humanities, history and social sciences, the sciences, mathematics, health and physical education, and the fine arts. These courses are usually available through the college or department of arts or sciences.

"Denial" means the refusal to grant a teaching license to a new applicant or to an applicant who is reapplying after the expiration of a license.

"Division Superintendent License" means a five-year, renewable license available to an individual who has completed an earned master's degree from an accredited institution of higher education and meets the requirements specified in 8VAC20-22-600. The individual's name must be listed on the Board of Education's list of eligible division superintendents.

"Experiential learning" means a process of applying for an initial license through the alternate route as prescribed by the Board of Education and meeting the criteria specified in 8VAC20-22-90 E to be eligible to request experiential learning credits in lieu of the coursework for the endorsement (teaching) content area.

"Industry certification credential" means a career and technical education credential that is earned by successfully completing a Board of Education-approved industry certification examination, being issued a state professional license, or successfully completing an occupational competency examination.

"International Educator License" means a three-year cultural exchange opportunity for Virginia students and international teachers. The International Educator License is a professional, teaching license issued for no more than three years to an exchange educator with citizenship in a nation other than the United States of America, and employed as an educator in a Virginia public or accredited nonpublic school, to teach for up to three consecutive years.

"Licensure by reciprocity" means a process used to issue a license to an individual coming into Virginia from another state when that individual meets certain conditions specified in the Board of Education regulations.

"Local Eligibility License" means a license issued pursuant to § 22.1-299.3 of the Code of Virginia to an individual by a local school board based on specified criteria set forth by that section. The Local Eligibility License shall not be issued in the federal core teaching areas or special education. The license is valid for three years and is not transferable to another school division. The Local Eligibility License is a nonrenewable credential and is not reciprocal with other states.

"Mentor" means a classroom teacher hired by the local school division who has achieved continuing contract status or other instructional personnel including retired teachers who meet local mentor selection criteria. The mentor should work in the same building as the beginning teacher or be instructional personnel who is assigned solely as a mentor. A mentor should be assigned a limited number of teachers at any time. Instructional personnel who are not assigned solely as mentors should not be assigned to more than four teachers at any time. Mentors guide teachers in the program through demonstrations, observations, and consultations.

"Postgraduate Professional License" means a five-year, renewable license available to an individual who has qualified for the Collegiate Professional License and who holds an appropriate earned graduate degree from a regionally accredited institution.

"Professional teacher's assessment" means those tests or other requirements mandated for licensure as prescribed by the Board of Education.

"Provisional License" means a nonrenewable license valid for a period not to exceed three years issued to an individual who has allowable deficiencies for full licensure as set forth in these regulations. The individual must have a minimum of an undergraduate degree from a regionally accredited college or university (with the exception of those individuals seeking the Technical Professional License). The Provisional License, with the exception of those individuals seeking licensure through a career switcher program who will be issued a one-year Provisional License, will be issued for three years . Individuals must complete all requirements for a renewable license within the validity period of the license.

"Pupil Personnel Services License" means a five-year, renewable license available to an individual who has earned an appropriate graduate degree from a regionally accredited institution with an endorsement for guidance counselor, school psychologist, school social worker, special education speech language pathologist preK-12, or vocational evaluator. This license does not require teaching experience.

"Renewable license" means a license issued by the Board of Education for five years to an individual who meets the requirements specified in the Board of Education regulations.

"Revocation" means the withdrawal of a teaching license.

"Suspension" means the temporary withdrawal of a teaching license.

"Technical Professional License" means a five-year, renewable license available to an individual who has graduated from an accredited high school (or possesses a General Education Development Certificate); has exhibited academic proficiency, technical competency, and occupational experience; and meets the requirements specified in 8VAC20-22-50.

8VAC20-22-40. Conditions for licensure.

A. Applicants for licensure must:

1. Be at least 18 years of age;

2. Pay the appropriate fees as determined by the Board of Education and complete the application process;

3. Have earned a baccalaureate degree (with the exception of the Technical Professional License) from a regionally accredited institution of higher education and meet requirements for the license sought. Persons seeking initial licensure who graduate from Virginia institutions of higher education shall only be licensed as instructional personnel by the Board of Education if the endorsement areas offered at such institutions have been assessed by a national accrediting agency or by a state approval process with final approval by the Board of Education; and

4. Possess good moral character (free of conditions outlined in Part VII (8VAC20-22-690 et seq.) of this chapter.

B. All candidates who hold at least a baccalaureate degree from a regionally accredited college or university and who seek an initial Virginia teaching license must obtain passing scores on professional teacher's assessments prescribed by the Board of Education. With the exception of the career switcher program that requires assessments as prerequisites, individuals must complete the professional teacher's assessments within the three-year validity of the initial provisional license. Candidates seeking a Technical Professional License, the International License, the School Manager License, or the Pupil Personnel Services License are not required to take the professional teacher's assessments. Individuals who hold a valid out-of-state license (full credential with no deficiencies) and who have completed a minimum of three years of full-time, successful teaching experience in a public or accredited nonpublic school (kindergarten through grade 12) in a state other than Virginia are exempted from the professional teacher's assessment requirements.

C. All individuals seeking an initial endorsement in early/primary education preK-3, elementary education preK-6, special education-general curriculum, special education-hearing disorders, special education-visual impairments and individuals seeking an endorsement as a reading specialist must obtain passing scores on a reading instructional assessment prescribed by the Board of Education.

D. Licensure by reciprocity is set forth in 8VAC20-22-100. A school leader's assessment prescribed by the Board of Education must be met for all individuals who are seeking an initial endorsement authorizing them to serve as principals and assistant principals in the public schools. Individuals seeking an initial administration and supervision endorsement who are interested in serving as central office instructional personnel are not required to take and pass the school leaders assessment prescribed by the Board of Education.

E. Individuals seeking initial licensure must demonstrate proficiency in the use of educational technology for instruction, complete study in child abuse recognition and intervention in accordance with curriculum guidelines developed by the Board of Education in consultation with the Department of Social Services, and receive professional development in instructional methods tailored to promote student academic progress and effective preparation for the Standards of Learning end-of-course and end-of-grade assessments.

F. Every person seeking initial licensure of a license shall provide evidence of completion of certification or training in emergency first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the use of automated external defibrillators. The certification or training program shall be based on the current national evidenced-based emergency cardiovascular care guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the use of an automated external defibrillator, such as a program developed by the American Heart Association or the American Red Cross. The Virginia Board of Education shall provide a waiver for this requirement for any person with a disability whose disability prohibits such person from completing the certification or training.

G. Every teacher seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education shall have an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement.

8VAC20-22-50. Types of licenses; dating licenses.

The following types of licenses are available:

1. Provisional License. The Provisional License is a nonrenewable license valid for a period not to exceed three years issued to an individual who has allowable deficiencies for full licensure as set forth in these regulations. The individual must have a minimum of an undergraduate degree from a regionally accredited college or university (with the exception of those individuals seeking the Technical Professional License).The Provisional License, with the exception of those individuals seeking licensure through a career switcher program, will be issued for three years . Individuals must complete the requirements for the regular, five-year license within the validity period of the Provisional License.

2. Collegiate Professional License. The Collegiate Professional License is a five-year, renewable license available to an individual who has satisfied all requirements for licensure, including an earned undergraduate degree from a regionally accredited college or university and the professional teacher's assessments prescribed by the Board of Education.

3. Postgraduate Professional License. The Postgraduate Professional License is a five-year, renewable license available to an individual who has qualified for the Collegiate Professional License and who holds an appropriate earned graduate degree from a regionally accredited college or university.

4. Technical Professional License. The Technical Professional License is a five-year, renewable license available to a person who has graduated from an accredited high school (or possesses a General Education Development Certificate); has exhibited academic proficiency, skills in literacy and communication, technical competency, and occupational experience; and has completed nine semester hours of specialized professional studies credit from a regionally accredited college or university. The nine semester hours of professional studies coursework must include human growth and development (three semester hours), curriculum and instructional procedures (three semester hours), and applications of instructional technology or classroom and behavior management (three semester hours). The Technical Professional License is issued at the recommendation of an employing educational agency in the areas of career and technical education, educational technology, and military science. Individuals seeking military science must have the appropriate credentials issued by the United States military. In addition to demonstrating competency in the endorsement area sought, the individual must:

a. Hold a license issued by the appropriate Virginia board for those program areas requiring a license and a minimum of two years of satisfactory experience at the journeyman level or an equivalent;

b. Have completed a registered apprenticeship program and two years of satisfactory experience at the journeyman level or an equivalent level in the trade; or

c. Have four years of work experience at the management or supervisory level or equivalent or have a combination of four years of training and work experience at the management or supervisory level or equivalent.

Individuals holding the Technical Professional License who seek the Collegiate Professional or Postgraduate Professional License must meet the professional teacher's assessments requirement.

5. School Manager License. The school manager license is a five-year, renewable license intended to provide for the differentiation of administrative responsibilities in a school setting. A school manager is licensed to administer noninstructional responsibilities in an educational setting. For example, a school manager is restricted from evaluating teachers, supervising instruction, developing and evaluating curriculum, and serving as a school's student disciplinarian. The license is available to a candidate who holds a baccalaureate degree from a regionally accredited college or university; has three years of successful managerial experience; and is recommended for the license by a Virginia school division superintendent.

6. Pupil Personnel Services License. The Pupil Personnel Services License is a five-year, renewable license available to an individual who has earned an appropriate graduate degree from a regionally accredited college or university with an endorsement for guidance counselor, school psychologist, school social worker, special education speech-language pathologist preK-12, or vocational evaluator. This license does not require teaching experience.

7. Division Superintendent License. The Division Superintendent License is a five-year, renewable license available to an individual who has completed an earned master's degree from a regionally accredited college or university and meets the requirements specified in 8VAC20-22-600. The individual's name must be listed on the Board of Education's list of eligible division superintendents.

8. International Educator License. The International Educator License provides a three-year cultural exchange opportunity for Virginia students and international teachers. The International Educator License is a professional, teaching license issued for no more than three years to an exchange educator with citizenship in a nation other than the United States of America, and employed as an educator in a Virginia public or accredited nonpublic school, to teach for up to three consecutive years. This license does not require professional teacher's assessments; however, the individual will be subject to assessment requirements if the individual seeks a five-year renewable license. To be issued the International Educator License an individual must:

a. Be employed by a Virginia public or accredited nonpublic school;

b. Hold non-U.S. citizenship and be a nonpermanent resident;

c. Serve as an exchange teacher for a time period not to exceed three consecutive years; and

d. Meet the following requirements as verified by a state-approved, federally-designated Exchange Visitor Program (22 CFR Part 62):

(1) Be proficient in written and spoken English;

(2) Demonstrate competence in the appropriate academic subject area(s);

(3) Hold the U.S. equivalent of a baccalaureate degree or higher as determined by an approved credential agency; and

(4) Hold U.S. or foreign educator credentials and completed at least one year of successful teaching experience that:

(a) Enables the educator to fulfill a similar assignment in his home country; or

(b) Is comparable to those requirements for Virginia teachers.

9. Local Eligibility License. The Local Eligibility License, established by the Virginia General Assembly, is a valid, three-year nonrenewable license issued by a local school board to an individual who has met specified criteria set forth in § 22.1-299.3 of the Code of Virginia. The Local Eligibility License shall not be issued in the federal core teaching areas or special education. The license is not transferable to another division. The Local Eligibility License is a nonrenewable credential and is not reciprocal with other states.

All licenses will be effective from July 1 in the school year in which the application is made. A Virginia employing education division or agency is required to notify employees in writing at the time of employment of the need to meet appropriate assessment requirements for licensure.

8VAC20-22-90. Alternate routes to licensure.

A. Career switcher alternate route to licensure for career professions. An alternate route is available to career switchers who seek teaching endorsements preK through grade 12 with the exception of special education.

1. An individual seeking a Provisional License through the career switcher program must meet the following prerequisite requirements:

a. An application process;

b. A baccalaureate degree from a regionally accredited college or university;

c. The completion of requirements for an endorsement in a teaching area or the equivalent through verifiable experience or academic study;

d. At least five years of full-time work experience or its equivalent; and

e. Virginia qualifying scores on the professional teacher's assessments as prescribed by the Board of Education.

2. The Provisional License is awarded at the end of Level I preparation. All components of the career switcher alternate route for career professions must be completed by the candidate.

3. The Level I requirements must be completed during the course of a single year and may be offered through a variety of delivery systems, including distance learning programs. If an employing agency recommends extending the Provisional License for a second year, the candidate will enter Level III of the program. Career switcher programs must be certified by the Virginia Department of Education.

a. Level I preparation. Intensive Level I preparation includes a minimum of 180 clock hours of instruction, including field experience. This phase includes, but is not limited to, curriculum and instruction, including technology, reading, and other specific course content relating to the Standards of Learning, differentiation of instruction, classroom/behavior management, instructional design based on assessment data, and human growth and development.

b. Level II preparation during first year of employment.

(1) Candidate seeks employment in Virginia with the one-year Provisional License.

(2) Continued Level II preparation during the first year of employment with a minimum of five seminars that expand the intensive preparation requirements listed in subdivision 3 a of this subsection. The five seminars will include a minimum of 20 cumulative instructional hours. A variety of instructional delivery techniques will be utilized to implement the seminars.

(3) One year of successful, full-time teaching experience in a Virginia public or accredited nonpublic school under a one-year Provisional License. A trained mentor must be assigned to assist the candidate during the first year of employment. Responsibilities of the mentor include, but are not limited to, the following:

(a) Collaborate with the beginning teacher in the development and implementation of an individualized professional development plan;

(b) Observe, assess, coach, and provide opportunities for constructive feedback, including strategies for self-reflection;

(c) Share resources and materials;

(d) Share best instructional, assessment, and organizational practices; classroom and behavior management strategies; and techniques for promoting effective communication; and

(e) Provide general support and direction regarding school policies and procedures.

(4) Upon completion of Levels I and II of the career switcher alternate route to licensure program and submission of a recommendation from the Virginia educational employing agency, the candidate will be eligible to apply for a five-year, renewable license. Renewal requirements for the regular license will be subject to current regulations of the Board of Education.

c. Level III preparation, if required.

(1) Post preparation, if required, will be conducted by the Virginia employing educational agency to address the areas where improvement is needed as identified in the candidate's professional improvement plan; and

(2) Upon completion of Levels I, II, and III of the career switcher alternate route to licensure program and submission of a recommendation from the Virginia educational employing agency, the candidate will be eligible to receive a five-year renewable license.

4. Verification of program completion will be documented by the certified program provider and the division superintendent or designee.

5. Certified providers implementing a career switcher program may charge a fee for participation in the program.

B. An alternate route is available to individuals employed by an educational agency who seek teaching endorsements preK through grade 12. Individuals must complete the requirements for the regular, five-year license within the validity period of the provisional license.

1. An individual seeking a license through this alternate route must have met the following requirements:

a. Are entering the teaching field through the alternate route to licensure upon the recommendation of the Virginia employing educational agency;

b. Hold a baccalaureate degree from a regionally accredited college or university with the exception of individuals seeking the Technical Professional License;

c. Have met requirements for the endorsement area; and

d. Need to complete an allowable portion of professional studies and licensure requirements.

2. The professional studies requirements for the appropriate level of endorsement sought must be completed. A Virginia educational agency may submit to the Superintendent of Public Instruction for approval an alternate program to meet the professional studies requirements. The alternate program must include training (seminar, internship, coursework, etc.) in human growth and development, curriculum and instructional procedures (including technology), instructional design based on assessment data, classroom and behavior management, foundations of education and reading.

3. One year of successful, full-time teaching experience in the appropriate teaching area in a Virginia public or accredited nonpublic school must be completed. A fully licensed experienced teacher must be available in the school building to assist the beginning teacher employed through the alternate route.

C. Alternate route in special education. The Provisional License is a three-year nonrenewable teaching license issued to an individual employed as a special education teacher in a public school or a nonpublic special education school in Virginia who does not hold the appropriate special education endorsement. This alternate route to special education is not applicable to individuals employed as speech pathologists. To be issued the Provisional License through this alternate route, an individual must:

1. Be employed by a Virginia public or nonpublic school as a special educator and have the recommendation of the employing educational agency;

2. Hold a baccalaureate degree from a regionally accredited college or university;

3. Have an assigned mentor endorsed in special education; and

4. Have a planned program of study in the assigned endorsement area, make progress toward meeting the endorsement requirements each of the three years of the license, and have completed coursework in the competencies of foundations for educating students with disabilities and an understanding and application of the legal aspects and regulatory requirements associated with identification, education, and evaluation of students with disabilities. A survey course integrating these competencies would satisfy this requirement. The Provisional License through this alternate route shall not be issued without the completion of these prerequisites.

D. Alternate programs at institutions of higher education or Virginia school divisions. Alternate programs developed by institutions of higher education (i) recognize the unique strengths of prospective teachers from nontraditional backgrounds and (ii) prepare these individuals to meet the same standards that are established for others who are granted a license through an alternate route.

E. Experiential learning. Individuals applying for an initial license through the alternate route as prescribed by the Board of Education must meet the following criteria to be eligible to request experiential learning credits in lieu of the coursework for the endorsement (teaching) content area:

1. Hold a baccalaureate degree from a regionally accredited college or university;

2. Have at least five years of documented full-time work experience that may include specialized training related to the endorsement sought; and

3. Have met the qualifying score on the content knowledge assessment prescribed by the Board of Education.

The criteria do not apply to teachers of special education and elementary education (preK-3 and preK-6) .

8VAC20-22-220. Career and technical education – agricultural education.

A. Endorsement requirements. The candidate must have:

1. Graduated from an approved teacher preparation program in agricultural education; or

2. Completed a major in agricultural education or 39 semester hours of coursework in agriculture, including at least three semester hours in each of the following:

a. Plant science;

b. Animal science;

c. Agricultural mechanics;

d. Agricultural economics and management;

e. Forestry/wildlife management; and

f. Horticulture.

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

B. Technical Professional License. An endorsement in horticulture or agricultural machinery may be granted to individuals who have:

1. Been recommended by an employing Virginia educational agency;

2. Completed four years of occupational experience in the endorsement area sought; and

3. Completed professional studies requirements (human growth and development: 3 three semester hours; curriculum and instructional procedures in career and technical education: 3 three semester hours; and applications of instructional technology or classroom and behavior management: 3 three semester hours).

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

8VAC20-22-230. Career and technical education – business and information technology.

A. Endorsement requirements. The candidate must have:

1. Graduated from an approved teacher preparation program in business and information technology; or

2. Completed 39 hours of coursework in business and information technology, including:

a. Accounting: 6 six semester hours;

b. Economics: 3 three semester hours;

c. Business law, business principles, management, marketing, or finance: 9 nine semester hours;

d. Communications: 3 three semester hours;

e. Information systems and technology to include computer software applications (word processing, spreadsheet, database, and presentation) information technology fundamentals, database management, programming, and networking: 12 semester hours;

f. Input technologies to include touch keyboarding (required), speech recognition, handwriting recognition, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) and other held-held hand-held devices, touch screen or mouse, scanning, and other emerging input technologies: 3 three semester hours; and

g. Supervised business experience: 3 three semester hours.

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

B. Technical Professional License. An endorsement in a specialized business and information technology area, such as networking, administration, communications systems, programming, database management, Internet application development, medical office procedures, legal office procedures, network administration, and other emerging highly specialized areas may be granted to individuals who have:

1. Been recommended by an employing Virginia educational agency;

2. Completed two years of occupational experience in the endorsement area sought;

3. Completed a business program equivalent to a two-year associate degree in the endorsement area sought; and

4. Completed professional studies requirements (human growth and development: 3 three semester hours; curriculum and instructional procedures in career and technical education: 3 three semester hours; and applications of instructional technology or classroom and behavior management: 3 three semester hours).

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

8VAC20-22-240. Career and technical education – family and consumer sciences.

A. Endorsement requirements. The candidate must have:

1. Graduated from an approved teacher preparation program in family and consumer sciences; or

2. Completed 39 semester hours of coursework distributed in the following areas:

a. Development of individual and family: 9 nine semester hours;

b. Management, family finance, and consumer economics: 6 six semester hours;

c. Food and nutrition: 6 six semester hours;

d. Housing, home furnishing, and equipment: 6 six semester hours;

e. Clothing and textiles: 3 three semester hours;

f. Health: 3 three semester hours;

g. Occupational program management: 3 three semester hours; and

h. Documented work experience related to family and consumer sciences: 3 three semester hours.

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

B. Technical Professional License. An endorsement in a specialized family and consumer sciences area, such as child care occupations, consumer services, family and human services, fashion design occupations, food occupations, hospitality occupations, interior design occupations, and home furnishings occupations, and home and institutional services, may be granted to individuals who have:

1. Been recommended by an employing Virginia educational agency;

2. A license or are certified as a professional practitioner in the endorsement area in which one is to be teaching sought, if applicable, or demonstrate competency in the specialized area of family and consumer sciences;

3. In the area of occupational experience, evidence of at least two years or 4,000 clock hours of satisfactory occupational experience within the past five years in the teaching specialty for which they are seeking endorsement.

4. Completed professional studies requirements (human growth and development: 3 three semester hours; curriculum and instructional procedures in career and technical education: 3 three semester hours; and applications of instructional technology or classroom and behavior management: 3 three semester hours).

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

8VAC20-22-250. Career and technical education – health and medical sciences.

A. Endorsement requirements. The candidate must have:

1. Graduated from an approved program of study for the preparation of health care professionals;

2. A license or be certified as a professional practitioner in the endorsement area in which one is to be teaching sought; and

3. Completed two years of occupational experience in an area related to the area to be taught.

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

B. Technical Professional License. An endorsement in a specialized health occupations area may be granted to individuals who have:

1. Been recommended by an employing Virginia educational agency;

2. A license or be certified as a professional practitioner in the endorsement area in which one is to be teaching sought;

3. Completed two years of occupational experience in the area sought;

4. Completed a health occupations' certificate or associate degree program; and

5. Completed professional studies requirements (human growth and development: 3 three semester hours; curriculum and instructional procedures in career and technical education: 3 three semester hours; and applications of instructional technology or classroom and behavior management: 3 three semester hours.

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

8VAC20-22-270. Career and technical education – marketing education.

A. Endorsement requirements. The candidate must have:

1. Graduated from an approved teacher preparation program in marketing education; or

2. Completed the following educational and occupational requirements:

a. A major in marketing or 30 semester hours of coursework distributed in the following areas: marketing process and management, economics, merchandising and operations, advertising/sales promotion, personal selling, marketing math, communication theory and techniques, business ethics, human resources/training and development, international business/marketing, and marketing technology; and

b. Supervised marketing internship: 3 three semester hours or one year of successful work experience in the field of marketing.

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

B. Technical Professional License. An endorsement in a specialized marketing area, such as apparel and accessories, financial services, hotel/motel operations, international marketing, real estate, or restaurant, may be granted to individuals who have:

1. Been recommended by an employing Virginia educational agency;

2. A license or are certified as a professional practitioner in the endorsement area in which one is to be teaching sought;

3. Completed a registered apprenticeship program and two years of satisfactory experience at the journeyman level or an equivalent level in the trade;

4. Completed four years of work experience at the management or supervisory level or equivalent or have a combination of four years of training and work experience at the management or supervisory level or equivalent; and

5. Completed professional studies requirements (human growth and development: 3 three semester hours; curriculum and instructional procedures in career and technical education: 3 three semester hours; and applications of instructional technology or classroom and behavior management: 3 three semester hours)

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

8VAC20-22-280. Career and technical education – technology education.

Endorsement requirements. The candidate must have:

1. Graduated from an approved teacher preparation program in technology education;

2. Completed a major in technology education or 39 semester hours in technology education distributed in the following areas:

a. Technology and culture (experiences shall include the historical development of technology and its present and future impact on the individual, society, and the environment): 6 six semester hours;

b. Technological foundations (experiences shall include technical design and illustration, energy and power, electronics, and materials science): 12 semester hours;

c. Technological processes (experiences shall include technical design, material processing, manufacturing, construction, and graphic communication): 12 semester hours; and

d. Technological systems (experiences shall include communication, production, and transportation systems): 9 nine semester hours; or

3. Earned a baccalaureate degree from a regionally accredited college or university with a major in one of the following fields of study: architecture, design, engineering, industrial technology, or physics; and completed 12 semester hours of technology education content coursework, including at least 3 three semester hours in each of the following areas: technology and culture, technological foundations, technological processes, and technological systems.

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

8VAC20-22-290. Career and technical education – trade and industrial education.

A. Endorsement requirements.

1. The candidate must have graduated from an approved teacher preparation program in the trade and industrial education program subject area for which the candidate is seeking endorsement; or

2. A candidate who has graduated from an approved teacher preparation program that is not in the trade and industrial education program subject area for which the candidate is seeking endorsement must have:

a. A current state licensure or industry certification based upon the prescribed standard or examination, if applicable; and

b. Evidence of at least two years or 4,000 clock hours of satisfactory occupational experience within the past five years in the teaching specialty for which they are seeking endorsement is sought. A candidate whose occupational experience has not been within the last five years must participate in a supervised technical update related to the teaching specialty or area of endorsement or complete a supervised internship of work experience of not less than six weeks related to the area of endorsement or teaching specialty.

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

B. Technical Professional License. An endorsement in a specialized trade and industrial education area will be granted to individuals who have:

1. Been recommended by an employing Virginia educational agency;

2. A license or are certified as a professional practitioner in the endorsement area in which one is to be teaching sought, if applicable, or can demonstrate competency in the that area of trade and industrial education one is to be teaching;

3. Evidence of at least two years or 4,000 clock hours of satisfactory occupational experience within the past five years in the teaching specialty for which they are seeking endorsement. Candidates whose occupational experience has not been within the last five years must participate in a supervised technical update related to the teaching specialty or area of endorsement or complete a supervised internship of work experience of not less than six weeks related to the area of endorsement or teaching specialty; and

4. Completed professional studies requirements (human growth and development: 3 three semester hours; curriculum and instructional procedures in career and technical education: 3 three semester hours; and applications of instructional technology or classroom and behavior management: 3 three semester hours).

If an individual is seeking initial licensure with an endorsement in the area of career and technical education, an industry certification credential, as defined in 8VAC20-22-10, in the area in which the teacher seeks endorsement is required.

C. Add-on endorsement requirements. A candidate must:

1. Hold a Collegiate Professional or Postgraduate Professional License with a teaching endorsement;

2. Demonstrate competency in the trade or technology to be taught;

3. Hold licensure for the trade or industrial area for which endorsement is sought based upon the prescribed standard or examination;

4. Have completed two years or 4,000 clock hours of satisfactory, full-time employment experience at the journeyman level or an equivalent level in the occupation within the last five years. Candidates whose occupational experience has not been within the last five years must participate in a supervised technical update related to the teaching specialty or area of endorsement or complete a supervised internship of work experience of not less than six weeks related to the area of endorsement or teaching specialty; and

5. Have completed 3 three semester hours in curriculum and instructional procedures specific to vocational industrial education.

8VAC20-22-670. Special education: speech-language pathologist preK-12. (Repealed.)

Endorsement requirements. The candidate must have:

1. An earned master's degree in speech-language pathology from an accredited institution; or

2. A current license in speech pathology issued by the Virginia Board of Examiners for Audiology and Speech Pathology.