Final Text
Part III
Reporting of Disease
12VAC5-90-80. Reportable disease list.
A. The board declares suspected or confirmed cases of the following named diseases, toxic effects, and conditions to be reportable by the persons enumerated in 12VAC5-90-90. Conditions identified by an asterisk (*) require rapid communication to the local health department within 24 hours of suspicion or confirmation, as defined in subsection C of this section. Other conditions should be reported within three days of suspected or confirmed diagnosis.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Amebiasis
*Anthrax
Arboviral infections (e.g., EEE, LAC, SLE, WNV)
*Botulism
*Brucellosis
Campylobacteriosis
Chancroid
Chickenpox (Varicella)
Chlamydia trachomatis infection
*Cholera
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease if <55 years of age
Cryptosporidiosis
Cyclosporiasis
*Diphtheria
*Disease caused by an agent that may have been used as a weapon
Ehrlichiosis
Escherichia coli infection, Shiga toxin-producing
Giardiasis
Gonorrhea
Granuloma inguinale
*Haemophilus influenzae infection, invasive
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
*Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B: (acute and chronic)
Hepatitis C (acute and chronic)
Hepatitis, other acute viral
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
Influenza
*Influenza-associated deaths in children <18 years of age
Kawasaki syndrome
Lead-elevated blood levels
Legionellosis
Leprosy (Hansen's disease)
Listeriosis
Lyme disease
Lymphogranuloma venereum
Malaria
*Measles (Rubeola)
*Meningococcal disease
*Monkeypox
Mumps
Ophthalmia neonatorum
*Outbreaks, all (including but not limited to foodborne, nosocomial, occupational, toxic substance-related, and waterborne)
*Pertussis
*Plague
*Poliomyelitis
*Psittacosis
*Q fever
*Rabies, human and animal
Rabies treatment, post-exposure
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
*Rubella, including congenital rubella syndrome
Salmonellosis
*Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
Shigellosis
*Smallpox (Variola)
Streptococcal disease, Group A, invasive
Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, invasive, in children <5 years of age
Syphilis (report *primary and *secondary syphilis by rapid means)
Tetanus
Toxic shock syndrome
Toxic substance-related illness
Trichinosis (Trichinellosis)
*Tuberculosis, active disease
Tuberculosis infection in children <4 years of age
*Tularemia
*Typhoid fever
*Unusual occurrence of disease of public health concern
*Vaccinia, disease or adverse event
Vancomycin-intermediate or vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection
*Vibrio infection
*Viral hemorrhagic fever
*Yellow fever
Yersiniosis
B. Conditions reportable by directors of laboratories.
Conditions identified by an asterisk (*) require rapid communication to the local health department within 24 hours of suspicion or confirmation, as defined in subsection C of this section. Other conditions should be reported within three days of suspected or confirmed diagnosis.
Amebiasisby microscopic examination, culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Anthraxby culture, antigen detection or nucleic acid detection
Arboviral infectionby culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Botulismby culture or identification of toxin in a clinical specimen
*Brucellosisby culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
Campylobacteriosisby culture
Chancroidby culture, antigen detection, or nucleic acid detection
Chickenpox (varicella)by culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
Chlamydia trachomatis infectionby culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection or, for lymphogranuloma venereum, serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Choleraby culture or serologic results consistent with recent infection
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease if <55 years of agepresumptive diagnosisby histopathology in patients under the age of 55 years
Cryptosporidiosisby microscopic examination, antigen detection, or nucleic acid detection
Cyclosporiasisby microscopic examination or nucleic acid detection
*Diphtheriaby culture
Ehrlichiosisby culture, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
Escherichia coli infection, Shiga toxin-producingby culture of E. coli O157 or other Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, Shiga toxin detection (e.g., by EIA), or nucleic acid detection
Giardiasisby microscopic examination or antigen detection
Gonorrheaby microscopic examination of a urethral smear specimen (males only), culture, antigen detection, or nucleic acid detection
*Haemophilus influenzae infection, invasiveby culture, antigen detection, or nucleic acid detection from a normally sterile site
Hantavirus pulmonary syndromeby antigen detection (immunohistochemistry), nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Hepatitis Aby detection of IgM antibodies
Hepatitis B (acute and chronic)by detection of HBsAg or IgM antibodies
Hepatitis C (acute and chronic)by hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) screening test positive with a signal-to-cutoff ratio predictive of a true positive as determined for the particular assay as defined by CDC, HCV antibody positive by immunoblot (RIBA), or HCV RNA positive by nucleic acid test. For all hepatitis C patients, also report available results of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), anti-HAV IgM, anti-HBc IgM, and HBsAg
Human immunodeficiency virus infectionby culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, or detection of antibody confirmed with a supplemental test. For HIV-infected patients, report all results of CD4 and HIV viral load tests
Influenzaby culture, antigen detection by direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) or nucleic acid detection
Lead-elevated blood levelsby blood lead level greater than or equal to 10 μg/dL in children ages 0-15 years, or greater than or equal to 25 μg/dL in persons older than 15 years of age
Legionellosisby culture, antigen detection including urinary antigen), nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
Listeriosisby culture
Malariaby microscopic examination, antigen detection, or nucleic acid detection
*Measles (rubeola)by culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Meningococcal diseaseby culture or antigen detection from a normally sterile site
*Monkeypoxby culture nucleic acid detection
Mumpsby culture, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Mycobacterial diseases(See 12VAC5-90-225 B) Report any of the following:
1. Acid fast bacilli by microscopic examination;
2. Mycobacterial identificationpreliminary and final identification by culture or nucleic acid detection;
3. Drug susceptibility test results for M. tuberculosis.
*Pertussisby culture, antigen detection, or nucleic acid detection
*Plagueby culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Poliomyelitisby culture
*Psittacosisby culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Q feverby culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Rabies, human and animalby culture, antigen detection by direct fluorescent antibody test, nucleic acid detection, or, for humans only, serologic results consistent with recent infection
Rocky Mountain spotted feverby culture, antigen detection (including immunohistochemical staining), nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Rubellaby culture, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
Salmonellosisby culture
*Severe acute respiratory syndromeby culture, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
Shigellosisby culture
*Smallpox (variola)by culture or nucleic acid detection
Staphylococcus aureus infection, resistant, as defined below:
1. Methicillin-resistant - by antimicrobial susceptibility testing of a Staphylococcus aureus isolate, with a susceptibility result indicating methicillin resistance, cultured from a normally sterile site;
2. Vancomycin-intermediate or vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection - by antimicrobial susceptibility testing of a Staphylococcus aureus isolate, with a vancomycin susceptibility result of intermediate or resistant, cultured from a clinical specimen.
Streptococcal disease, Group A, invasiveby culture from a normally sterile site
Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, invasive, in children <5 years of ageby culture from a normally sterile site in a child under the age of five years
*Syphilisby microscopic examination (including dark field), antigen detection (including direct fluorescent antibody), or serology by either treponemal or nontreponemal methods
Toxic substance-related illnessby blood or urine laboratory findings above the normal range, including but not limited to heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial-type solvents and gases
Trichinosis (trichinellosis)by microscopic examination of a muscle biopsy or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Tularemiaby culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Typhoid feverby culture
*Vaccinia, disease or adverse eventby culture or nucleic acid detection
Vancomycinintermediate or vancomycin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus infectionby antimicrobial susceptibility testing of a
Staphylococcus aureus isolate, with a vancomycin susceptibility result of
intermediate or resistant, cultured from a clinical specimen
*Vibrio infectionby culture
*Viral hemorrhagic feverby culture, antigen detection (including immunohistochemical staining), nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
*Yellow feverby culture, antigen detection, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
Yersiniosisby culture, nucleic acid detection, or serologic results consistent with recent infection
C. Reportable diseases requiring rapid communication. Certain of the diseases in the list of reportable diseases, because of their extremely contagious nature or their potential for greater harm, or both, require immediate identification and control. Reporting of persons confirmed or suspected of having these diseases, listed below, shall be made within 24 hours by the most rapid means available, preferably that of telecommunication (e.g., telephone, telephone transmitted facsimile, pagers, etc.) to the local health director or other professional employee of the department. (These same diseases are also identified by an asterisk (*) in subsection A and subsection B, where applicable, of this section.)
Anthrax
Botulism
Brucellosis
Cholera
Diphtheria
Disease caused by an agent that may have been used as a weapon
Haemophilus influenzae infection, invasive
Hepatitis A
Influenza deaths in children <18 years of age
Measles (Rubeola)
Meningococcal disease
Monkeypox
Outbreaks, all
Pertussis
Plague
Poliomyelitis
Psittacosis
Q fever
Rabies, human and animal
Rubella
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
Smallpox (Variola)
Syphilis, primary and secondary
Tuberculosis, active disease
Tularemia
Typhoid fever
Unusual occurrence of disease of public health concern
Vaccinia, disease or adverse event
Vibrio infection
Viral hemorrhagic fever
Yellow Fever
D. Toxic substance-related illnesses. All toxic substance-related illnesses, including pesticide and heavy metal poisoning or illness resulting from exposure to an occupational dust or fiber or radioactive substance, shall be reported.
If such illness is verified or suspected and presents an emergency or a serious threat to public health or safety, the report of such illness shall be by rapid communication as in subsection C of this section.
E. Outbreaks. The occurrence of outbreaks or clusters of any illness which may represent a group expression of an illness which may be of public health concern shall be reported to the local health department by the most rapid means available.
F. Unusual or ill-defined diseases or emerging or reemerging pathogens. Unusual or emerging conditions of public health concern shall be reported to the local health department by the most rapid means available. In addition, the commissioner or his designee may establish surveillance systems for diseases or conditions that are not on the list of reportable diseases. Such surveillance may be established to identify cases (delineate the magnitude of the situation), to identify the mode of transmission and risk factors for the disease, and to identify and implement appropriate action to protect public health. Any person reporting information at the request of the department for special surveillance or other epidemiological studies shall be immune from liability as provided by § 32.1-38 of the Code of Virginia.
Statutory Authority
§§ 32.1-12 and 32.1-35 of the Code of Virginia.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR355-28-100 § 3.1, eff. July 1, 1993; amended, Virginia Register Volume 15, Issue 6, eff. January 6, 1999; Volume 18, Issue 9, eff. December 18, 2001; Volume 20, Issue 21, eff. July 28, 2004; Volume 23, Issue 15, eff. May 2, 2007; Volume 25, Issue 11, eff. March 4, 2009.