The following words and terms when used in this chapter shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"3-A Accepted Practices" means the accepted practices published by 3-A Sanitary Standards, Incorporated and indexed in the 3-A Sanitary Standards and 3-A Accepted Practices, effective March 1, 2024.

"3-A Sanitary Standards" means the standards for dairy equipment published by 3-A Sanitary Standards. Incorporated and indexed in the 3-A Sanitary Standards and 3-A Accepted Practices, effective March 1, 2024.

"Adulterated milk, milk products, and frozen desserts" means any milk, milk products, other frozen dessert ingredient, frozen desserts, or frozen desserts mix which: that meets one or more of the conditions specified in 21 USC § 342.

1. Bears or contains any poisonous or deleterious substance in a quantity which may render it injurious to health;

2. Bears or contains any added poisonous or deleterious substance for which no safe tolerance has been established by state or federal regulation, or in excess of such tolerance if one has been established;

3. Consists, in whole or in part, of any substance unfit for human consumption;

4. Has been produced, processed, prepared, packed, or held under insanitary conditions;

5. Container is composed, in whole or in part, of any poisonous or deleterious substance which may render the contents injurious to health; or

6. Any substance has been added thereto or mixed or packed therewith so as to increase its bulk or weight, or reduce its quality or strength, or make it appear better or of greater value than it is.

"Commissary or depot" means any place, premise, or establishment in which pasteurized mix, ingredients, containers, or supplies are prepared or stored for the servicing of one or more mobile units, and where facilities are provided for cleaning the vehicle and the cleaning and bactericidal treatment of equipment and utensils.

"Cleaned in place" or "C-I-P" means the procedure by which equipment is mechanically cleaned in place by circulation of wash, rinse, and sanitizer solutions.

"Frozen dessert" means any or all of the following: ice cream, frozen custard, french ice cream, french custard ice cream, ice milk, fruit sherbet, water ice, non-fruit sherbet, non-fruit water ice, artificially sweetened ice cream or frozen dietary dairy dessert, artificially sweetened ice milk, frozen yogurt, quiescently frozen confection, quiescently frozen dairy confection, mellorine, parevine, lowfat parevine, freezer made milk shake, freezer made shake, those products manufactured or sold in semblance to or as substitutes for the foregoing frozen desserts, and any mix used in the freezing of the foregoing frozen desserts.

"Frozen desserts manufacturer" means any person who manufactures, processes, converts, partially freezes, or freezes any mix or frozen desserts for distribution or sale.

"Frozen desserts plant" means any place or premises where frozen desserts or mix are manufactured, processed, pasteurized, or frozen for distribution or sale at wholesale.

"Frozen desserts retail establishment" means any place or premises including retail stores, stands, hotels, restaurants, and vehicles or mobile units where frozen desserts are frozen or partially frozen or dispensed for sale at retail.

"Harmless" means that a food or substance is generally recognized as safe, as prescribed in 21 CFR Parts 181 through 186.

"Misbranded" means a milk, milk products product, other frozen desserts ingredients dessert ingredient, frozen desserts dessert, and or frozen desserts dessert mix are misbranded when that:

1. Their containers bear The container for which bears or accompany accompanies any false or misleading written, printed, or graphic matter;

2. Such milk and products do Does not conform to their definitions as contained the product's definition established in this chapter; and

3. Such products are Is not labeled in accordance with Part VI (2VAC5-510-430 et seq.) Section 430 of this chapter.

"Mobile unit" means any vehicle or temporary establishment that shall travel from place to place in which a frozen desserts processor freezes, partially freezes, or dispenses frozen desserts for sale.

"Official methods" means Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists AOAC International, a publication of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists Collaboration International. A modified Roese-Gottlieb test, such as the Mojonnier' or Dietert, may be used in making official determination of the butterfat and total solids content of frozen dairy food products.

"Pasteurization" or "pasteurized" means the process of heating, in approved and properly operated equipment, every particle of mix to any one of the following temperatures and holding at the temperature for the specified time:

1. Vat Pasteurization: 155°F (68.3°C) and holding at such temperature for at least 30 minutes.

2. HTST (High-Temperature-Short-Time) Pasteurization: 175°F (79.4°C) and holding at such temperature for at least 25 seconds.

Nothing contained in this definition shall be construed as barring any other method of process, or combination of times and temperatures, as may be demonstrated to be equally efficient.

"Permit" means authority issued under the Act by the regulatory agency the document issued by the Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services pursuant to Va. Code § 3.2-5214 that authorizes a person to operate a frozen desserts plant.

"Permit holder" means the entity that is legally responsible for the operation of the frozen desserts plant, such as the owner, the owner's agent, or other person, and possesses a valid permit to operate a frozen desserts plant.

"Person" means any individual, partnership, corporation, company, firm, trustee, or association.

"Plant" means any place, premise, or establishment where milk or dairy products are received or handled for processing or manufacturing the products defined herein in this chapter.

"Powder" or "dry frozen desserts mix" means a frozen desserts mix in a dry form.

"Standard methods" means Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products, a publication of the American Public Health Association.

"3-A Sanitary standards and accepted practices" means the standards for dairy equipment and accepted practices formulated by the 3-A Sanitary Standards Committees representing the International Association for Food Protection, the United States Public Health Service, and the Dairy Industry Committee, Published by the 3-A Sanitary Standards, Incorporated.

"State Regulatory Agency" means the Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services or his agent or the State Health Commissioner or his agent when such person is carrying out any duty assigned to such commissioner in the Milk, Milk Products, and Dairies Law (§ 3.2-5200 et seq. of the Code of Virginia).

"Summarily suspend" means the immediate suspension of a permit issued by the State Regulatory Agency without the opportunity for the permit holder to contest the suspension prior to the effective date and time of the suspension.

"VDACS" means the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.

A. The Virginia Board of Agriculture and Consumer Services hereby finds and declares that a uniform regulation is needed to govern the production, processing, labeling, and distribution of ice cream and similar products within the Commonwealth of Virginia. This chapter relating to ice cream and similar products shall be applicable throughout the Commonwealth of Virginia and shall be enforced on a statewide basis. Products produced, processed, or manufactured under the provisions of this chapter may can be sold in all counties, cities, and towns in this state. They shall not be subject to regulations by ordinance or otherwise to supervision, or to inspection by any political subdivision.

B. No regulation shall be construed to prohibit the sale of any imported dairy product within this state, if the laws and regulations of the exporting state or political subdivision thereof are substantially the same as this chapter, and if they are enforced with equal effectiveness as determined by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services VDACS or State Health Department.

C. Unless otherwise provided by state law or by regulation of the Virginia Board of Agriculture and Consumer Services, this chapter shall be interpreted and enforced where applicable with administrative procedures and recommended regulations of the United States Department of Health and Human Resources and the United States Department of Agriculture.

A. Ice cream is the food prepared by freezing, while stirring, a pasteurized mix composed of one or more of the optional ingredients specified in subsection C of this section, sweetened with one or more of the optional sweetening ingredients specified in subsection D of this section. One or more of the optional characterizing ingredients specified in subsection B of this section and one or more of the optional ingredients specified in subdivisions 5 to 10 of subsection D may be used to characterize the ice cream. One or more of the optional caseinates specified in subsection E and one or more of the optional ingredients specified in subsection F of this section may be used, subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth. The mix may be seasoned with salt, and may be homogenized. The kind and quantity of optional dairy ingredients used, as specified in subsection C of this section, and the content of milk fat and nonfat milk solids therein, are such that the weights of milkfat and total milk solids are not less than 10% and 20%, respectively, of the weight of the finished ice cream; but in no case shall the content of milk solids not fat be less than 6.0%, except that when one or more of the bulky optional ingredients as specified in subdivisions 3 to 8 of subsection B, inclusive, of this section, are used, the weights of milkfat and total milk solids (exclusive of such fat and solids in any malted milk used) are not less than 10% and 20%, respectively, of the remainder obtained by subtracting the weight of such optional ingredients, modified as prescribed in this subsection, from the weight of the finished ice cream; but in no case is the weight of milkfat or total milk solids less than 8.0% and 16%, respectively, of the weight of the finished ice cream. The optional caseinates specified in subsection E of this section are not deemed to be milk solids. In calculating the reduction of milkfat and total milk solids from the use of bulky optional ingredients, chocolate and cocoa solids used shall be considered the bulky ingredients of subdivision 3 of subsection B of this section. In order to make allowance for additional sweetening ingredients needed when bulky ingredients are used, the weight of chocolate or cocoa solids may be multiplied by 2.5; the weight of fruit or nuts used may be multiplied by 1.4; and the weight of partially or wholly dried fruits or fruit juices may be multiplied by appropriate factors to obtain the original weights before drying and this weight multiplied by 1.4. The finished ice cream contains not less than 1.6 pounds of total solids to the gallon and weighs not less than 4.5 pounds to the gallon; except that when the optional ingredient microcrystalline cellulose specified in subdivision 6 of subsection F of this section is used, the finished ice cream contains not less than 1.6 pounds of total solids to the gallon and weighs not less than 4.5 pounds to the gallon exclusive, in both cases, of the weight of the microcrystalline cellulose. Artificial flavoring in any chocolate, cocoa, confectionary, or other ingredient used is an optional ingredient of the finished ice cream. Coloring, including artificial coloring, may be added.

B. The optional characterizing ingredients referred to in subsection A. of this section are:

1. Ground spice, ground vanilla beans, infusion of coffee or tea, or any natural food flavoring.

2. Artificial food flavoring.

3. Chocolate or cocoa, which may be added as such or as a suspension in sirup, and which may contain disodium phosphate or sodium citrate in such quantity that the finished ice cream contains not more than 0.2% by weight of disodium phosphate or sodium citrate. For the purposes of this section, the term "cocoa" means one or any combination of two or more of the following: Cocoa, breakfast cocoa, lowfat cocoa, and the unpulverized residual material prepared by removing part of the fat from ground cacao nibs.

4. Mature fruit or the juice of mature fruit, either of which may be fresh, frozen, canned, concentrated, or partially or wholly dried. The fruit may be whole, shredded, or comminuted; it may be sweetened, thickened with pectin or with one or more of the ingredients named in subdivision 2 of subsection F of this section, subject to the restriction on the total quantity of such substances in ice cream prescribed in that subdivision, and it may be acidulated with citric acid, ascorbic acid, or phosphoric acid. The fruit is prepared by the removal of pits, seeds, skins, and cores, where such removal is used in preparing that kind of fruit for consumption as fresh fruit. In the case of fruit or fruit juice from which part of the water is removed, the substances contributing flavor volatilized during water removal may be condensed and reincorporated in the concentrated fruit or fruit juice. In the case of the citrus fruits the whole fruit, including the peel but excluding the seeds, may be used, and in the case of citrus juice or concentrated citrus juice, cold-pressed citrus oil may be added in an amount not exceeding that which would have been obtained if the peel from the whole fruit had been used. For the purposes of this section the flesh of the coconut shall be considered a fruit.

5. Nut meats, which may be roasted, cooked in an edible fat or oil, or preserved in sirup, and which may be salted.

6. Malted milk.

7. Confectionary. For the purposes of this section, the term "confectionery" means candy, cakes, cookies, and glaced fruits.

8. Properly prepared and cooked cereal.

9. Distilled alcoholic beverage, including liqueurs or wine, in an amount not to exceed that required for flavoring the ice cream.

C. The optional dairy ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are: cream, dried cream, plastic cream (sometimes known as concentrated milkfat), butter, butter oil, milk, concentrated milk, evaporated skim milk, condensed skim milk, superheated condensed skim milk, sweetened condensed skim milk, sweetened condensed part skim milk, nonfat dry milk, sweet cream buttermilk, condensed sweet cream buttermilk, dried sweet cream buttermilk, skim milk that has been concentrated and from which part of the lactose has been removed by crystallization, skim milk in concentrated or dried form which has been modified by treating the concentrated skim milk with calcium hydroxide and disodium phosphate, concentrated cheese whey, and dried cheese whey. Water may be added, or water may be evaporated from the mix. The sweet cream buttermilk and the concentrated sweet cream buttermilk or dried sweet cream buttermilk, when adjusted with water to a total solids content of 8.5%, has a titratable acidity of not more than 0.17%, calculated as lactic acid. The term "milk" as used in this section means cow's milk. Any concentrated cheese whey and dried cheese whey used contribute not more than 25% by weight of the total nonfat milk solids content of the finished food. Dried cheese whey is uniformly light in color, free from brown and black scorched particles, and has an alkalinity of ash, not more than 225 milliliters 0.1N HC1 per 100 grams, a bacterial count of not more than 50,000 per gram, and, as adjusted with water to a total solids content of 6.5%, a titratable acidity of not more than 0.16%, calculated as lactic acid. Concentrated cheese whey has an alkalinity of ash, not more than 115 milliliters 0.1N HC1 per 100 grams, a bacterial count of not more than 50,000 per gram, and as adjusted with water to a total solids content of 6.5%, calculated as lactic acid. The modified skim milk, when adjusted with water to a total solids content of 9%, is substantially free of lactic acid as determined by titration with 0.1N NaOH and it has a pH value in the range of 8.0 to 8.3.

D. The optional sweetening ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are:

1. Sugar (sucrose) or sugar sirup.

2. Dextrose.

3. Invert sugar (in paste or sirup form).

4. Corn sirup, dried corn sirup, glucose sirup, dried glucose sirup.

5. Maple sirup, maple sugar.

6. Honey.

7. Brown sugar.

8. Malt sirup, maltose sirup, malt extract.

9. Dried malt sirup, dried maltose sirup, dried malt extract.

10. Refiner's sirup.

11. Molasses (other than black strap).

12. Lactose.

13. Fructose.

E. The optional caseinates referred to in subsection A of this section which may be added to ice cream mix containing not less than 20% total milk solids are: casein prepared by precipitation with gums, ammonium caseinate, calcium caseinate, potassium caseinate, and sodium caseinate. Caseinates may be added in liquid or dry form, but must be free of excess alkali.

F. Other optional ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are:

1. Liquid eggs, frozen eggs, dried eggs, egg yolks, frozen egg yolks, and dried egg yolks. Any egg ingredient used is added to the mix before it is pasteurized. The total weight of egg yolk solids in the finished ice cream from one or a combination of two or more such ingredients is less than the minimum prescribed for frozen custard by 2VAC5-510-50 (1.4%).

2. Agar-agar, algin (sodium alginate), calcium sulfate, gelatin, gum acacia, guar seed gum, gum karaya, locust bean gum, oat gum, gum tragacanth, carrageenan, salts of carrageenan, furcelleran, salts of furcelleran, lecithin, psyllium seed husk, sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The total weight of the solids of any such ingredient used singly or of any combination of two of more such ingredients used (including any such ingredient and pectin added separately to the fruit ingredient) is not more than 0.5% of the weight of the finished ice cream. Such ingredients may be added in admixture with dextrin, propylene glycol, or glycerin.

3. Monoglycerides or diglycerides or both of fat-forming fatty acids. The total weight of such ingredients is not more than 0.2% of the weight of the finished ice cream. If the preparation used is one having a high proportion of monoglycerides (over 90%), it may be preblended with edible fat, but the amount of such fat does not exceed 20% by weight of the blend, and the total amount of the blend used does not exceed 0.2% of the weight of the finished ice cream.

4. Polysorabate 65, polysorbate 80, or both may be used, with a limit on either, used separately or both used in combination, of not more than 0.1% by weight of the finished frozen dessert.

5. Propylene glycol alginate limit of not more than 0.5% by weight of the finished frozen dessert.

6. Microcrystalline cellulose, in a quantity not to exceed 1.5% by weight of the finished frozen dessert.

7. When one or more of the optional thickening ingredients in subdivision 2 or 5 of this subsection are used, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate may be used in a quantity not in excess of 0.5% by weight of such ingredients.

8. a. Sodium citrate, disodium phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, or any combination of two or more of these; but the total quantity of the solids of such ingredients (exclusive of any disodium phosphate or sodium citrate present in chocolate or cocoa, as permitted by subdivision 3 of subsection B of this section) is not more than 0.2% by weight of the finished ice cream.

b. Calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, or any combination of two or more of these; but the total quantity of the solids of such ingredients is not more than 0.04% of the weight of the finished ice cream.

G. 1. The name of the food is "ice cream."

2. a. If the food contains no artificial flavor, the name on the principal display panel or panels of the label shall be accompanied by the common or usual name of the characterizing flavor, e.g., "vanilla," in letters not less than one-half the height of the letters used in the words "ice cream."

b. If the food contains both a natural characterizing flavor and an artificial flavor simulating it, and if the natural flavor predominates, the name on the principal display panel or panels of the label shall be accompanied by the common name of the characterizing flavor, in letters not less than one-half the height of the letters used in the words "ice cream," followed by the word "flavored," in letters not less than one-half the height of the letters in the name of the characterizing flavor, e.g., "VANILLA flavored," or "PEACH flavored," or "VANILLA flavored STRAWBERRY flavored."

c. If the food contains both a natural characterizing flavor and an artificial flavor simulating it, and if the artificial flavor predominates, or if artificial flavor is used alone, the name on the principal display panel or panels of the label shall be accompanied by the common name of the characterizing flavor, in letters not less than one-half the height of the letters used in the words "ice cream," preceded by "artificial" or "artificially flavored," in letters not less than one-half the height of the letters in the name of the characterizing flavor, e.g., "artificial VANILLA," or "artificially flavored STRAWBERRY" or "artificially flavored VANILLA and artificially flavored STRAWBERRY."

3. a. If the food is subject to the requirements of subdivision 2 b of this subsection or if it contains any artificial flavor not simulating the characterizing flavor, the label also shall bear the words "artificial flavor added" or "artificial ______ flavor added," the blank being filled with the common name of the flavor simulated by the artificial flavor in letters of the same size and prominence as the words that precede and follow it.

b. When the optional ingredient microcrystalline cellulose specified in subdivision 6 of subsection F of this section is used, the label shall bear the statement "microcrystalline cellulose added" or "with microcrystalline cellulose."

c. When two or more of the optional ingredients specified in subdivision 2 of subsection B and subdivision 6 of subsection F of this section are used, such words may be combined; for example, "microcrystalline cellulose and artificial flavor added."

d. Wherever the name of the characterizing flavor appears on the label so conspicuously as to be easily seen under customary conditions of purchase, the words prescribed by this subparagraph shall immediately and conspicuously precede or follow such name, in a size reasonably related to the prominence of the name of the characterizing flavor and in any event the size of the type is not less than 6-point on packages containing less than one pint, not less than 8-point on packages containing at least one pint but less than one-half gallon, but less than one gallon, and not less than 12-point on packages containing one gallon or over; however, that where the characterizing flavor and a trademark or brand are presented together, other written, printed, or graphic matter that is a part of or is associated with the trademark or brand, may intervene if the required words are in such relationship with the trademark or brand as to be clearly related to the characterizing flavor: And provided further, that if the finished product contains more than one flavor of ice cream subject to the requirements of this subparagraph, the statements required by this subparagraph need appear only once in each statement of characterizing flavors present in such ice cream, e.g., "VANILLA flavored, CHOCOLATE and STRAWBERRY flavored, artificial flavors added."

4. If the food contains both a natural characterizing flavor and an artificial flavor simulating the characterizing flavor, any reference to the natural characterizing flavor, except as otherwise authorized by this subsection, shall be accompanied by a reference to the artificial flavor, displayed with substantially equal prominence, e.g., "strawberry and artificial strawberry flavor."

5. An artificial flavor simulating the characterizing flavor shall be deemed to predominate:

a. In the case of vanilla beans or vanilla extract used in combination with vanillin if the amount of vanillin used is greater than one ounce per unit of vanilla constituent.

b. In the case of fruit or fruit juice used in combination with artificial fruit flavor, if the quantity of the fruit or fruit juice used is such that, in relation to the weight of the finished ice cream, the weight of the fruit or fruit juice, as the case may be (including water necessary to reconstitute partially or wholly dried fruits or fruit juices to their original moisture content) is less than 2.0% in the case of citrus ice cream, 6.0% in the case of berry or cherry ice cream, 10% in the case of ice cream prepared with other fruits.

c. In the case of nut meats used in combination with artificial nut flavor, if the quantity of nut meats used is such that, in relation to the finished ice cream, the weight of the nut meats is less than 2.0%.

d. In the case of two or more fruit or fruit juices, or nut meats, or both, used in combination with artificial flavors simulating the natural flavors and dispersed throughout the food, if the quantity of any fruit or fruit juice or nut meat is less than one-half the applicable percentage specified in subparagraphs b or c of this paragraph. For example, if a combination ice cream contains less than 5.0% of bananas and less than 1.0% of almonds it would be "Artificially flavored banana-almond ice cream." However, if it contains more than 5.0% of bananas and more than 1.0% of almonds it would be "Banana-almond flavored ice cream."

6. If two or more flavors of ice cream are distinctively combined in one package, e.g., "Neapolitan" ice cream, the applicable provisions of this subsection shall govern each flavor of ice cream comprising the combination.

H. Optional ingredients other than those included in subsections B, C, D and F may be used when permitted for use in ice cream by the Federal Food and Drug Administration.

A. Ice cream or frozen custard is the food prepared from the same ingredients and in the same manner, including labeling, as prescribed in 21 CFR 135.110 or 21 CFR 135.115.

B. Ice cream mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that, when frozen while stirring, produces a product conforming to the description of "ice cream" in 21 CFR 135.110 or "goat's milk ice cream" in 21 CFR 135.115.

C. Frozen custard mix, french ice cream mix, or french custard ice cream mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that, when frozen while stirring, produces products conforming to the description of "frozen custard," "french ice cream," or "french custard ice cream" in 21 CFR 135.110 or "goat's milk frozen custard," "goat's milk french ice cream," or "goat's milk french custard ice cream" in 21 CFR 135.115.

Ice cream mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients which when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition of ice cream.

A. Frozen custard, french ice cream, french custard ice cream conforms to the definition and standard of identity, and is subject to the requirements for label statement of optional ingredients, prescribed for ice cream by 2VAC5-510-30, except that one or more of the optional egg ingredients permitted by 2VAC5-510-30 F 1 are used in such quantity that the total weight of egg yolk solids therein is not less than 1.4% of the weight of the finished frozen custard; Provided, however, that when the ingredients named in subdivisions 3 through 8 of 2VAC5-510-30 B, inclusive, are used the content of egg yolk solids may be reduced in proportion to the bulky ingredient or ingredients added, under the conditions prescribed by 2VAC5-510-30 A for reduction in milkfat and total milk solids; but in no case is the content of egg yolk solids less than 1.12%.

B. Frozen custard mix, french ice cream mix, and french custard ice cream mix are the pasteurized unfrozen combinations of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce products conforming to the definition of frozen custard, french ice cream, and french custard ice cream.

A. Fruit sherbets are the foods each of which is prepared by freezing, while stirring, a mix composed of one or more of the optional characterizing fruit ingredients specified in subsection B of this section and one or more to the optional ingredients specified in subsection C of this section, sweetened with one or more of the optional sweetening ingredients specified in subsection D of this section. One or more of the optional ingredients specified in subsection E of this section may be used, subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth. The mix of combined dairy ingredients, with or without other ingredients, is pasteurized. The titratable acidity of the finished fruit sherbet, calculated as lactic acid, is not less than 0.35%. The mix with or without added water may be seasoned with salt, and may be homogenized. The optional dairy ingredients used and the content of milkfat and nonfat milk solids therein are such that the weight of milkfat is not less than 1.0% and not more than 2.0%, and the weight of total milk solids is not less than 2.0% and not more than 5.0% of the weight of the finished fruit sherbet. The optional caseinates specified in subdivision 7 of subsection E of this section are not deemed to be milk solids. The finished fruit sherbet weights not less than six pounds to the gallon; except that when the optional ingredient microcrystalline cellulose specified in subdivision 11 of subsection E of this section is used, the finished fruit sherbet weighs not less than six pounds to the gallon, exclusive of the weight of the microcrystalline cellulose.

B. The optional fruit characterizing ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are any mature fruit or the juice of any mature fruit. The fruit or fruit juice used may be fresh, frozen canned, concentrated, or partially or wholly dried. The fruit may be thickened with pectin or other of the optional ingredients named in subdivision 2 of subsection E of this section, subject to the restriction on the total quantity of such substances in fruit sherbets prescribed in that subsection. The fruit is prepared by the removal of pits, seeds, skins, and cores, where such removal is usual in preparing that kind of fruit for consumption as fresh fruit. The fruit may be screened, crushed, or otherwise comminuted. It may be acidulated with citric acid, ascorbic acid, or phosphoric acid. In the case of concentrated fruit or fruit juices from which part of the water is removed, substances contributing flavor volatilized during water removal may be condensed and reincorporated in the concentrated fruit or fruit juice. In the case of citrus fruits, the whole fruit, including the peel but excluding the seeds, may be used, and in the case of citrus juice or concentrated citrus juices, cold-pressed citrus oil may be added thereto in an amount not exceeding that which would have been obtained if the whole fruit had been used. The quantity of fruit ingredients used is such that, in relation to the weight of the finished sherbet, the weight of fruit or fruit juice, as the case may be, including water necessary to reconstitute partially or wholly dried fruits or fruit juices to their original moisture content, is not less than 2.0% in the case of citrus sherbets, 6.0% in the case of berry sherbets, and 10% in the case of sherbets prepared with other fruits. For the purposes of this section, tomatoes and rhubarb are considered as kinds of fruit.

C. The optional dairy ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are: cream, dried cream, plastic cream, (sometimes known as concentrated milkfat), butter, butter oil, milk, concentrated milk, evaporated milk, superheated condensed milk, sweetened condensed milk, dried milk, skim milk, concentrated skim milk, evaporated skim milk, condensed skim milk, superheated condensed skim milk, sweetened condensed skim milk, sweetened condensed part-skim milk, nonfat dry milk, sweet cream buttermilk, condensed sweet cream buttermilk, dried sweet cream buttermilk, skim milk that has been concentrated and from which part of the lactose has been removed by crystallization, concentrated cheese whey, and dried cheese whey. Water may be added, or water may be evaporated from the mix. The sweet cream buttermilk and the concentrated sweet cream buttermilk or dried sweet cream buttermilk, when adjusted with water to a total solids content of 8.5% has a titratable acidity of not more than 0.17%, calculated as lactic acid. The term "milk" as used in this section means cow's milk. Dried cheese whey is uniformly light in color, free from brown and black scorched particles, and has an alkalinity of ash, not more than 225 milliliters 0.1 N HC1 per 100 grams, a bacterial count of not more than 50,000 per gram, and, as adjusted with water to a total solids content of 6.5%, a titratable acidity of not more than 0.16% calculated as lactic acid. Concentrated cheese whey has an alkalinity of ash, not more than 115 milliliters 0.1 N HC1 per 100 grams, a bacterial count of not more than 50,000 per gram, and, as adjusted with water to a total solids content of 6.5%, a titratable acidity of not more than 0.18%, calculated as lactic acid.

D. The optional sweetening ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are: sugar (sucrose), dextrose, invert sugar (paste or sirup), glucose sirup, dried glucose sirup, corn sirup, dried corn sirup, malt sirup, malt extract, dried malt sirup, dried malt extract, maltose sirup, dried maltose sirup.

E. Other optional ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are:

1. Liquid eggs, frozen eggs, dried eggs, egg yolks, frozen yolks; dried yolks; but the weight of the egg yolk solids therein is less than 0.5% of the weight of the finished fruit sherbet.

2. Agar-agar, algin (sodium alginate), calcium sulfate, egg white, gelatin, gum acacia, guar seed gum, gum karaya, locust bean gum, oat gum, gum tragacanth, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carrageenan, salts of carrageenan, furcelleran, salts of furcelleran, lecithin, pectin, psyllium seed husk, sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The total weight of the solids of any such ingredient used singly or of any combination of two or more such ingredients used (including any such ingredient added separately to the fruit ingredient) is not more than 0.5% of the weight of the finished fruit sherbet. Such ingredients may be added in admixture with dextrin, propylene glycol, or glycerin.

3. Monoglycerides or diglycerides or both of fat-forming fatty acids. The total weight of such ingredients is not more than 0.2% of the weight of the finished fruit sherbet. If the preparation used is one of having a high proportion of monoglycerides (over 90%), it may be preblended with edible fat, but the amount of such fat does not exceed 20% by weight of the blend, and the total amount of the blend used does not exceed 0.2% of the weight of the finished fruit sherbet.

4. Polysorbate 65, polysorbate 80, or both (the limit on either used separately or both used in combination of not more than 0.1% by weight of the finished frozen dessert).

5. Propylene glycol alginate (limit of not more than 0.5% by weight of the finished frozen dessert).

6. Citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, phosphoric acid, or any combination of two or more of these in such quantity as seasons the finished food.

7. Casein prepared by precipitation with gums, ammonium caseinate, calcium caseinate, potassium caseinate, sodium caseinate.

8. Any natural food flavoring.

9. Any artificial flavoring.

10. Coloring, including artificial coloring.

11. Microcrystalline cellulose, in a quantity not to exceed 0.5% of the weight of the finished fruit sherbet.

12. When one or more of the optional thickening ingredients in subdivision 2 or 5 of this subsection are used, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate may be used in a quantity not in excess of 0.5% by weight of such ingredients.

F. The name of each such fruit sherbet is "__________ sherbet," the blank being filled in with the common name of the fruit or fruits from which the fruit ingredients used are obtained. When the names of two or more fruits are included, such names shall be arranged in order of predominance, if any, by weight of the respective fruit ingredients used.

G. When the optional ingredients artificial coloring or artificial flavorings are used in fruit sherbet they shall be named on the labels as follows:

1. The label shall designate artificial coloring by the statement "artificially colored," "artificial coloring added," "with added artificial coloring," or "__________ an artificial color added," the blank being filled in with the name of the artificial coloring used.

2. The label shall designate artificial flavoring by the statement "artificially flavored," "artificial flavoring added," "with added artificial flavoring," or "__________ an artificial flavor added," the blank being filled in with the name of the artificial flavoring used.

3. Whenever artificial flavoring is not added as such but as a component of some other ingredient, the label shall include the statement "__________ artificially flavored," the blank being filled in with the name of such other ingredient.

4. When the optional ingredient microcrystalline cellulose specified in subdivision 11 of subsection E of this section is used, the label shall bear the statement "microcrystalline cellulose added" or "with added microcrystalline cellulose." Label statements may be combined, as for example, "with added artificial flavoring and artificial coloring."

H. Where one or more of the optional ingredients artificial coloring or artificial flavoring are used and there appears on the label any representation as to the fruit or fruits in the sherbet, such representation shall be immediately and conspicuously accompanied by appropriate label statements as prescribed in subsection G of this section, showing the optional ingredients used.

I. Wherever the name of the food appears on the label so conspicuously as to be easily seen under customary conditions of purchase, the statements specified in this section, showing the optional ingredients used, shall immediately and conspicuously precede or follow such name without intervening written, printed, or graphic matter.

J. Fruit sherbet mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition of fruit sherbet.

A. Sherbet is the food prepared from the same ingredients and in the same manner, including labeling, as prescribed in 21 CFR 135.140.

B. Sherbet mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that, when frozen while stirring, produces a product conforming to the description of "sherbet" in 21 CFR 135.140.

A. Water ices are the foods, each of which is prepared by freezing, while stirring, a mix composed of one or more of the optional characterizing fruit ingredients specified in subsection B of this section, sweetened with one or more of the optional sweetening ingredients specified in subsection C of this section. One or more of the optional ingredients specified in subsection D of this section may be used, subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth. The titratable acidity of the finished water ice, calculated as lactic acid, is not less than 0.35%. The mix, with or without added water, may be seasoned with salt, and may be homogenized. The finished water ice weighs not less than six pounds to the gallon.

B. The optional fruit ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are any mature fruit or the juice of any mature fruit. The fruit or fruit juice used may be fresh, frozen, canned, concentrated, or partially or wholly dried. The fruit may be thickened with pectin or other of the optional ingredients named in subdivision 1 of subsection D of this section subject to the restriction on the total quantity of such substances in water ices prescribed in that subdivision. The fruit is prepared by the removal of pits, seeds, skins, and cores where such removal is usual in preparing that kind of fruit for consumption as fresh fruit. The fruit may be screened, crushed, or otherwise communited. It may be acidulated with citric acid, ascorbic acid, or phosphoric acid. In the case of fruit or fruit juices from which part of the water is removed, substances contributing flavor volatilized during water removal may be condensed and reincorporated in the concentrated fruit or fruit juice. In the case of citrus fruits, the whole fruit, including the peel but excluding the seeds, may be used, and in the case of citrus juice or concentrated citrus juices, cold-pressed citrus oil may be added thereto in an amount not exceeding that which would have been obtained if the whole fruit had been used. The quantity of fruit ingredients used is such that in relation to the weight of the finished water ice, the weight of fruit or fruit juice as the case may be, including water necessary to reconstitute partially or wholly dried fruits or fruit juices to their original moisture content, is not less than 2.0% in the case of citrus ices, 6.0% in the case of berry ices, and 10% in the case of ices prepared with other fruits.

C. The optional sweetening ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are: Sugar (sucrose), dextrose, invert sugar (paste or sirup), glucose sirup, dried glucose sirup, corn sirup, dried corn sirup, malt sirup, malt extract, dried malt sirup, dried malt extract, maltose sirup, dried maltose sirup.

D. Other optional ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are:

1. a. Agar-agar, algin (sodium alginate), egg white, gelatin, gum acacia, guar seed gum, gum karaya, locust bean gum, oat gum, gum tragacanth, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carrageenan, salts of carrageenan, furcelleran, salts of furcelleran, propylene glycol alginate, pectin, psyllium seed husk, sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The total weight of the solids of any such ingredient used singly, or of any combination of two or more such ingredients used, including any such ingredient added separately to the fruit ingredient, is not more than 0.5% of the weight of the finished water ice. Such ingredients may be added in admixture with dextrin, propylene glycol, or glycerin.

b. When one or more of the optional thickening ingredients in subdivision a of this subdivision are used, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate may be used in a quantity not in excess of 0.5% of weight of such ingredients.

2. Citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, phosphoric acid, or any combination of two or more of these in such quantity as seasons the finished food.

3. Any natural flavoring.

4. Any artificial flavoring.

5. Coloring, including artificial coloring.

E. The name of each such water ice is "__________ ice," the blank being filled with the common name of the fruit or fruits from which the fruit ingredient used is obtained. When the names of two or more fruits are included such names shall appear in the order of predominance, if any, by weight of the respective fruit ingredients used.

F. When the optional ingredients artificial coloring and artificial flavoring are used in water ices they shall be named on the labels as follows:

1. The label shall designate artificial flavoring by the statement "artificially flavored," "artificial flavoring added," "with added artificial flavoring," or "__________, an artificial flavor added," the blank being filled in with the name of the artificial flavoring used.

Label statements may be combined, as for example, "flavoring and artificial coloring added."

G. Where one or more of the optional ingredients artificial coloring or artificial flavoring are used and there appears on the labeling any representation as to the fruit or fruits in the ice, such representation shall be immediately and conspicuously accompanied by appropriate label statements as prescribed in subsection F of this section, showing the optional ingredients used.

H. Wherever the name of the food appears on the label so conspicuously as to be easily seen under customary conditions of purchase, the statements set out in this section showing the optional ingredients used shall immediately and conspicuously precede or follow such name, without intervening written, printed, or graphic matter.

I. Water ice mix is the unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition of water ice.

A. Water ices are the foods that are prepared from the same ingredients and in the same manner, including labeling, as prescribed in 21 CFR 135.160.

B. Water ice mix is the unfrozen combination of ingredients that, when frozen while stirring, produces a product conforming to the description of "water ices" in 21 CFR 135.160.

A. Nonfruit sherbets are the foods each of which is prepared by freezing, while stirring, a mix composed of one or more of the optional characterizing ingredients specified in subsection B of this section and one or more of the optional dairy ingredients specified in subsection C of this section, sweetened with one or more of the optional sweetening ingredients specified in subsection D of this section. One or more of the optional ingredients specified in subsection E of this section may be used, subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth. The mix of combined dairy ingredients, with or without other ingredients, is pasteurized. The mix, with or without added water, may be seasoned with salt and may be homogenized. The optional dairy ingredients used and the content of milkfat and nonfat milk solids therein are such that the weight of milkfat is not less than 1.0% and not more than 2.0% and their weight of total milk solids is not less than 2.0% and not more than 5.0% of the weight of the finished nonfruit sherbets. The optional caseinates specified in subdivision 7 of subsection E of this section are not deemed to be milk solids. The finished nonfruit sherbet weighs not less than six pounds to the gallon; except that when the optional ingredients microcrystalline cellulose specified in subdivision 9 of subsection E of this section is used, the finished nonfruit sherbet weighs not less than six pounds to the gallon, exclusive of the weight of the microcrystalline cellulose.

B. The optional characterizing ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are:

1. Ground spice or infusion of coffee or tea.

2. Chocolate or cocoa, including sirup.

3. Confectionery.

4. Distilled alcoholic beverage, including liqueurs or wine, in an amount not to exceed that required for flavoring the sherbet.

5. Any natural or artificial food flavoring, except any having a characteristic fruit or fruit-like flavor.

C. The optional dairy ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are: cream, dried cream, plastic cream (sometimes known as concentrated milkfat), butter, butter oil, milk, concentrated milk, evaporated milk, super-heated condensed milk, sweetened condensed milk, dried milk, skim milk, concentrated skim milk, evaporated skim milk, condensed skim milk, superheated condensed skim milk, sweetened condensed skim milk, sweetened condensed part-skim milk, nonfat dry milk, sweet cream buttermilk, condensed sweet cream buttermilk, dried sweet cream buttermilk, skim milk that has been concentrated and from which part of the lactose has been removed by crystallization, concentrated cheese whey, and dried cheese whey. Water may be added or water may be evaporated from the mix. The sweet cream buttermilk and the concentrated sweet cream buttermilk or dried sweet cream buttermilk, when adjusted with water to a total solids content of 8.5%, has a titratable acidity of not more than 0.17% calculated as lactic acid. The term "milk" as used in this section means cow's milk. Dried cheese whey is uniformly light in color, free from brown and black scorched particles, and has an alkalinity of ash not more than 225 milliliters 0.1 N HC1 per 100 grams, a bacterial count of not more than 50,000 per gram, and, as adjusted with water to a total solids content of 6.5%, a titratable acidity of not more than 0.16% calculated as lactic acid. Concentrated cheese whey has an alkalinity of ash not more than 115 milliliters of 0.1 N HC1 per 100 grams, a bacterial count of not more than 50,000 per gram, and, as adjusted with water to a total solids content of 6.5%, a titratable acidity of not more than 0.18% calculated as lactic acid.

D. The optional sweetening ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are: sugar (sucrose), dextrose, invert sugar (paste or sirup), glucose sirup, dried glucose sirup, corn sirup, dried corn sirup, malt sirup, malt extract, dried malt sirup, dried malt extract, maltose sirup, dried maltose sirup.

E. Other optional ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are:

1. Liquid eggs, frozen eggs, dried eggs, egg yolks, frozen yolks, dried yolks; but the weight of egg yolk solids therein is less than 0.5% of the weight of the finished nonfruit sherbet.

2. Agar-agar, algin (sodium alginate), calcium sulfate, egg white, gelatin, gum acacia, guar seed gum, gum karaya, locust bean gum, oat gum, gum tragacanth, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carrageenan, salts of carrageenan, furcelleran, salts of furcelleran, lecithin, pectin, psyllium seed husk, sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The total weight of the solids of any such ingredient used singly or of any combination of two or more such ingredients used is not more than 0.5% of the weight of the finished nonfruit sherbet. Such ingredients may be added in admixture with dextrin, propylene glycol, or glycerin.

3. Monoglycerides or diglycerides or both of fat-forming fatty acids. The total weight of such ingredients is not more than 0.2% of the weight of the finished nonfruit sherbet. If the preparation used is one having a high proportion of monoglycerides (over 90%), it may be preblended with edible fat, but the amount of such fat does not exceed 20% by weight of the blend and the total amount of the blend used does not exceed 0.2% of the weight of the finished nonfruit sherbet.

4. Polysorbate 65, polysorbate 80, or both (limit on either used separately or both used in combination of not more than 0.1% by weight of the finished frozen dessert).

5. Propylene glycol alginate (limit of not more than 0.5% by weight of the finished frozen dessert).

6. Citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, phosphoric acid, or any combinations of two or more of these in such quantity as seasons the finished food.

7. Casein prepared by precipitation with gums, ammonium caseinate, calcium caseinate, potassium caseinate, sodium caseinate.

8. Coloring, including artificial color.

9. Microcrystalline cellulose, in a quantity not to exceed 0.5% of the weight of the finished nonfruit sherbet.

10. When one or more of the optional thickening ingredients in subdivision 2 or 5 of this subsection are used, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate may be used in a quantity not in excess of 0.5% by weight of such ingredients.

F. Except as provided for in subsection G of this section, the name of each such nonfruit sherbet is ".... sherbet," the blank being filled in with the common or usual name or names of the characterizing flavor or flavors; for example, "peppermint."

G. If the characterizing flavor is vanilla, the name of the food is ".... sherbet," the blank being filled in as specified by 2VAC5-510-30 G 2 and 5 a.

H. When the optional ingredients artificial flavoring, artificial coloring, or microcrystalline cellulose are used in nonfruit sherbet, they shall be named on the label as follows:

1. If the flavoring ingredient or ingredients consists exclusively of artificial flavoring, the label designation shall be "artificially flavored."

2. If the flavoring ingredients are a combination of natural and artificial flavors, the label designation shall be "artificial and natural flavoring added."

3. The label shall designate artificial coloring by the statement "artificially colored," "artificial coloring added," "with added artificial coloring," or "...., an artificial color added," the blank being filled in with the name of the artificial coloring used.

4. When the optional ingredient microcrystalline cellulose is used, the label shall bear the statement "microcrystalline cellulose added" or "with added microcrystalline cellulose."

I. Wherever there appears on the label any representation as to the characterizing flavor or flavors of the food and such flavor or flavors consist in whole or in part of artificial flavoring, the statement required by subdivision 1 or 2 of subsection H of this section, as appropriate, shall immediately and conspicuously precede or follow such representation, without intervening written, printed, or graphic matter, except that the word "sherbet" may intervene, in a size reasonably related to the prominence of the name of the characterizing flavor and in any event the size of the type is not less than 6-point on packages containing less than one pint, not less than 8-point on packages containing at least one pint but less than one-half gallon, not less than 10-point on packages containing at least one-half gallon but less than one gallon, and not less than 12-point on packages containing one gallon or over.

J. Except as specified in subsection I of this section, the statements required by subsection H of this section shall be set forth on the principal display panel or panels of the label with such prominence and conspicuousness as to render them likely to be read and understood by the ordinary individual under customary conditions of purchase and use.

K. Nonfruit sherbet mix is the unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition of nonfruit sherbet.

A. Nonfruit water ices are the foods each of which is prepared by freezing, while stirring, a mix composed of one or more of the optional characterizing ingredients specified in subsection B of this section, sweetened with one or more of the optional sweetening ingredients specified in subsection C of this section. One or more of the optional ingredients specified in subsection D of this section may be used, subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth. The mix, with or without added water, may be seasoned with salt and may be homogenized. The finished nonfruit water ice weighs not less than six pounds to the gallon.

B. The optional characterizing ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are:

1. Ground spice or infusion of coffee or tea.

2. Chocolate or cocoa, including sirup.

3. Confectionery.

4. Distilled alcoholic beverage, including liqueurs or wine, in an amount not to exceed that required for flavoring the water ice.

5. Any natural or artificial food flavoring, except any having a characteristic fruit or fruit-like flavor.

C. The optional sweetening ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are: Sugar (sucrose), dextrose, invert sugar (paste or sirup), glucose sirup, dried glucose sirup, corn sirup, dried corn sirup, malt sirup, malt extract, dried malt sirup, dried malt extract, maltose sirup, dried maltose sirup.

D. Other optional ingredients referred to in subsection A of this section are:

1. Agar-agar, algin (sodium alginate), egg white, gelatin, gum acacia, guar seed gum, gum karaya, locust bean gum, oat gum, gum tragacanth, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carrageenan, salts of carrageenan, furcelleran, salts of furcelleran, propylene glycol alginate, pectin, psyllium seed husk, sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The total weight of the solids of any such ingredient used singly, or of any combination of two or more such ingredients used, is not more than 0.5% of the weight of the finished nonfruit water ice. Such ingredients may be added in admixture with dextrin, propylene glycol, or glycerin.

When one or more of the optional thickening ingredients in this subdivision are used, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate may be used in a quantity not in excess of 0.5% by weight of such ingredients.

2. Citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, phosphoric acid, or any combination of two or more of these in such quantity as seasons the finished food.

3. Coloring, including artificial coloring.

E. Except as provided for in subsection F of this section, the name of each such nonfruit water ice is ".... ice," the blank being filled in with the common or usual name or names of the characterizing flavor or flavors; for example, "peppermint."

F. If the characterizing flavor used is vanilla, the name of the food is ".... ice," the blank being filled in as specified by 2VAC5-510-30 G 2 and 5.

G. When the optional ingredients artificial flavoring or artificial coloring are used in nonfruit water ice, they shall be named on the label as follows:

1. If the flavoring ingredient or ingredients consist exclusively of artificial flavoring, the label designation shall be "artificially flavored."

2. If the flavoring ingredients used are a combination of natural and artificial flavors, the label designation shall be "artificial and natural flavoring added."

3. The label shall designate artificial coloring by the statement "artificially colored," "artificial coloring added," "with added artificial coloring," or "...., an artificial color added," the blank being filled in with the name of the artificial coloring used.

H. Wherever there appears on the label any representation as to the characterizing flavor or flavors of the food and such flavor or flavors consist in whole or in part of artificial flavoring, the statement required by subdivision 1 or 2 of subsection G of this section, as appropriate, shall immediately and conspicuously precede or follow such representation, without intervening written, printed, or graphic matter, except that the word "ice" may intervene, in a size reasonably related to the prominence of the name of the characterizing flavor and in any event the size of the type is not less than 6-point on packages containing less than one pint, not less than 8-point on packages containing at least one pint but less than one-half gallon, not less than 10-point on packages containing at least one-half gallon but less than one gallon and not less than 12-point on packages containing one gallon or over.

I. Except as specified in subsection H of this section, the statements required by subsection G of this section shall be set forth on the principal display panel or panels of the label with such prominence and conspicuousness as to render them likely to be read and understood by the ordinary individual under customary conditions of purchase and use.

J. Nonfruit water ice mix is the unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition of nonfruit water ice.

A. Artificially sweetened ice cream or frozen dietary dairy dessert means ice cream manufactured, prepared, or processed for consumption by persons who wish to restrict their intake of ordinary sweetening ingredients and shall conform to the definition and standard of identity prescribed for ice cream in 2VAC5-510-30, except that it shall be sweetened with an artificial sweetening agent and contains edible carbohydrates other than sugar. The artificial sweetening agent and the edible carbohydrates shall be approved by the Federal Food and Drug Administration and no sugars other than those naturally present in the milk solids or flavoring agent shall be added thereto.

B. The manufacturer shall place the product in packages or containers which shall be conspicuously labeled either "artificially sweetened" immediately preceding the words "ice cream" in similar type at least one-half the size of the type used for the words "ice cream" and on the same contrasting background, or "frozen dietary dairy dessert."

C. The label shall also contain a statement in terms of percentage by weight of protein, fat, and carbohydrates, the total number of calories per ounce, the number of calories contributed by carbohydrates and any carbohydrates other than lactose, and the name of each ingredient entering into the composition other than flavors.

D. The following statement shall appear conspicuously following the declaration of the artificial sweetener used, such as "Contains.... % saccharine, (or sodium salt of saccharine, as the case may be), a non-nutritive artificial sweetener which should be used only by persons who must restrict their intake of ordinary sweets." The blank is to be filled in with the percent by weight of saccharine or other artificial sweetener in said product.

E. The product shall not be sold in any manner other than in sealed or unbroken packages or containers from one or more separate compartments of a refrigerated container or cabinet.

F. Artificially sweetened ice cream mix or frozen dietary dairy dessert mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition of artificially sweetened ice cream or frozen dietary dairy dessert.

A. Artificially sweetened ice milk means ice milk manufactured, prepared, or processed for consumption by persons who wish to restrict their intake of ordinary sweetening ingredients and shall conform to the definition and standard of identity prescribed for ice milk in 2VAC5-510-70 , except that it shall be sweetened with an artificial sweetening agent and contains edible carbohydrates other than sugar. The artificial sweetening agent and the edible carbohydrates must be approved by the Federal Food and Drug Administration and no sugars other than those naturally present in the milk solids or flavoring agent shall be added thereto.

B. The manufacturer shall place the product in packages or containers which shall be conspicuously labeled "artificially sweetened" immediately preceding the words "ice milk" in similar type at least one-half the size of the type used for the words "ice milk" and on the same contrasting background.

C. The label shall also contain a statement in terms of percentage by weight of protein, fat, and carbohydrates, the total number of calories per ounce, the number of calories contributed by carbohydrates and any carbohydrates other than lactose, and the name of each ingredient entering into the composition other than flavors.

D. The following statement shall appear conspicuously following the declaration of the artificial sweetener used, such as "contains.... % saccharine, (or sodium salt of saccharine, or other artificial sweetener, as the case may be), a nonnutritive artificial sweetener which should only be used by persons who must restrict their intake of ordinary sweets." The blank is to be filled in with the percent by weight of saccharine or other artificial sweetener in said product.

E. The product shall not be sold in any manner other than in sealed or unbroken packages or containers from one or more separate compartments of a refrigerated container or cabinet.

F. Artificially sweetened ice milk mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition of artificially sweetened ice milk.

A. Frozen yogurt is a food which that is prepared by freezing while stirring a pasteurized mix, containing one or more of the following ingredients, whole milk, partially defatted milk, skim milk, other milk products, and with or without fruits, nuts, flavoring materials, sweeteners, stabilizers, emulsifiers, and any other safe and suitable approved ingredient which is cultured after pasteurization by one or more strains of Lactobacillus bulgaricus Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptcoccus thermophilus Streptococcus thermophilus provided however, fruits, nuts, or other flavoring materials may be added before or after the mix is pasteurized and cultured. The standard plate count requirement for frozen desserts shall apply only to the mix prior to culturing. The finished frozen yogurt shall weigh not less than 5 pounds per gallon. The name of the product is "frozen yogurt." The label on a package of frozen yogurt, in addition to other required information, shall include a complete list of all ingredients in descending order or predominance; for the purposes of Part III (2VAC5-510-30 et seq.) of this chapter the strains of bacteria may be collectively referred to as yogurt culture.

B. Frozen yogurt mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition of frozen yogurt.

C. Frozen yogurt mix may be shipped in a frozen state to plants and frozen desserts retail establishments.

A. Quiescently frozen confection means the frozen, sweetened, flavored product in the manufacture of which freezing has not been accompanied by stirring or agitation, generally known as quiescent freezing. This confection may be acidulated with harmless organic acid, may contain milk products, may be made with or without added harmless natural or artificial flavoring, with or without added harmless coloring. The finished product may contain not shall not contain more than one-half of 1.0% by weight of stabilizing agents. The finished product shall contain not less than 17% by weight of total food solids. This confection must be manufactured in the form of servings, individually packaged, bagged or otherwise wrapped, properly labeled and purveyed to the consumer in its original factory-filled package. In the production of this quiescently frozen confection no processing or mixing prior to quiescent freezing shall be used that develops in the finished confection mix any physical expansion in excess of 10%.

B. Quiescently frozen confection mix is the unfrozen combination of ingredients that, when frozen, will produce a product conforming to the definition of quiescently frozen confection.

A. Quiescently frozen dairy confection means the frozen product made from water, pasteurized milk products and sweetening agents, with added harmless coloring, with or without added stabilizing and emulsifying ingredients, and in the manufacture of which freezing has not been accompanied by stirring or agitation, generally known as quiescent freezing. It contains not less than 13% by weight of total milk solids, not less than 33% by weight of total food solids, not more than one-half of 1.0% by weight of stabilizing agents, not more than one-fifth of 1.0% by weight of monoglycerides or diglycerides or a combination of both, not more than one-tenth of 1.0% by weight of polysorbate 65 or polysorbate 80 or a combination of both. This confection must be manufactured in the form of servings individually packaged, bagged or otherwise wrapped, properly labeled and purveyed to the consumer in its original factory-filled package. In the production of this quiescently frozen dairy confection no processing or mixing prior to quiescent freezing shall be used that develops in the finished confection mix any physical expansion in excess of 10%.

B. Quiescently frozen dairy confection mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen will produce a product conforming to the definition of quiescently frozen dairy confection.

Manufactured desserts mix, whipped cream confection, or bisque tortoni means a pasteurized frozen dessert made with milk products, sweetening agents, flavoring agents, stabilizing agents, emulsifying agents, with or without harmless coloring. It contains not less than 18% by weight of milkfat, not more than one-half of 1.0% by weight of stabilizing agents, not more than two-tenths of 1.0% by weight of monoglycerides or diglycerides of fat forming fatty acids or a combination of both, not more than one-tenth of 1.0% by weight of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate or polysorbate eighty (polyoxyethelene (20) sorbitan monooleate) or a combination of both, not more than 12% of milk solids not fat, and may be packaged with harmless gas, as prescribed in 21 CFR Part 184, causing it to fluff upon ejection from the package or container.

A. Mellorine conforms to the definition and standard of identity, and is subject to the requirements for optional ingredients, prescribed for ice cream by 2VAC5-510-30, except that in place of optional dairy ingredients containing butterfat as permitted pursuant to 2VAC5-510-30 C, edible fats or oils other than milkfat are used, and provided further that the weight of edible fats or oils other than milkfat, is not less than 10% of the weight of the finished mellorine and the weight of the milk solids not fat is not less than 10% of the weight of the finished mellorine, except that when one or more of the bulky optional ingredients as specified in 2VAC5-510-30 B 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 are used, the weight of the edible fats or oils other than milkfat and the combined weight of edible fats or oils other than milkfat and milk solids not fat, exclusive of any fat and milk solids not fat in any malted milk used, are not less than 10% and 20% respectively, of the remainder obtained by subtracting the weight of such optional ingredients as provided in 2VAC5-510-30 A, from the weight of the finished mellorine, but in no case is the weight of edible fats or oils other than milkfat, or the combined weight of edible fats and oils other than milkfat and milk solids not fat to be less than 8.0% and 16% respectively of the weight of the finished mellorine, and that whenever provisions appear in 2VAC5-510-30 referring to milkfat, it shall be understood to be edible fats or oils other than milkfat in the case of mellorine.

B. The name of the product is "mellorine."

C. When any artificial color is used in mellorine, directly or as a component of any other ingredient, the label shall bear the statement, "artificially colored," "artificial coloring added," "with added artificial color," or "...., an artificial color added," the blank to be filled in with the common or usual name of the artificial color; or in lieu thereof, in case the artificial color is a component of another ingredient, "...., artificially colored."

D. If both artificial color and artificial flavoring are used, the label statements may be combined.

E. Mellorine shall be manufactured in the form of servings individually packaged, bagged, or otherwise wrapped, properly labeled and purveyed to the consumer in its original plant sealed container.

F. The label on a package of mellorine shall conform to the provisions of 2VAC5-510-30 G and in addition to other required information shall include the name "Mellorine" in a conspicuous manner. Mellorine may not be designated by the use of the word "cream" or its phonetic equivalent.

Mellorine is the food prepared from the same ingredients and in the same manner, including labeling, as prescribed in 21 CFR 135.130.

G. B. Mellorine mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition description of mellorine in 21 CFR 135.130.

A. Parevine is the food prepared by freezing, while stirring, a pasteurized mix composed of: (i) one or more edible vegetable fats; (ii) any optional sweetening ingredient except lactose; and (iii) protein or any other source of carbohydrate food solids. Parevine shall not contain any milk or meat products or any derivatives of such products.

B. Its The fat content of parevine shall not be less than 10%, except that when bulky optional characterizing ingredients are used, the fat content may be reduced, as a result of the addition of such ingredients, but shall in no case be less than 8.0%.

C. Its The content of food solids in parevine shall not be less than 1.3 pounds per gallon of the finished product.

D. The weight of the finished product shall not be less than 4.5 pounds per gallon.

E. Parevine shall be offered in the form of servings individually packaged, bagged, or wrapped and properly labeled and purveyed to the consumer in original plant sealed container. When any artificial color or flavor is used in parevine directly or indirectly as a component of any other ingredient, then it must be declared in the label must bear the statement,: "Artificial color and flavor added," or words of like import.

F. Parevine mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition description of parevine in this section.

A. Lowfat parevine is the food prepared by freezing, while stirring, a pasteurized mix composed of: (i) one or more edible vegetable fats; (ii) any optional sweetening ingredient except lactose; and (iii) protein or any other source of carbohydrate food solids. Lowfat parevine shall not contain any milk or meat products nor any derivatives of such products.

B. Its The fat content of lowfat parevine shall not be more than 6.0%.

C. Its The content of food solids in lowfat parevine shall not be less than 1.3 pounds per gallon of the finished product.

D. The weight of the finished product shall not be less than 4.5 pounds per gallon.

E. Lowfat parevine shall be offered in the form of servings individually packaged, bagged, or wrapped and properly labeled and purveyed to the consumer in original plant sealed container. When any artificial color or flavor is used in lowfat parevine directly or indirectly as a component of any other ingredient, then it must be declared in the label must bear the statement,: "Artificial color and flavor added," or words of like import.

F. Lowfat parevine mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition description of lowfat parevine in this section.

A. Freezer made milk shake means a pure, clean, wholesome semi-viscous drink prepared by stirring while freezing in a dispensing freezer a pasteurized mix obtained from an approved source consisting of milkfat, milk solids not fat, water, optional sweetening ingredients, with or without egg or egg products, with harmless flavoring, with or without harmless coloring, and with or without approved stabilizer or approved emulsifier. It shall contain not less than three and one-fourth percent milkfat. It shall contain not less than 10% milk solids not fat, it shall contain not more than one-half percent by weight of stabilizer and not more than one-fifth of 1.0% of emulsifier. Freezer made milk shakes may only be sold or served from a dispensing freezer and may not be sold hard frozen.

B. Other freezer made shakes including jumbo shake, thick shake, T.V. shake, or any coined or trade name containing the word "shake" shall meet the requirements of subsection A of this section, except that the minimum percent of milkfat may be less than three and one-fourth percent.

C. "Shakes" not meeting the requirement for "milk" shakes shall not be advertised, sold, or served as a milk shake.

D. Freezer made milk shake mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients that when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition description of freezer made milk shake in this section.

Freezer made shake mix is the pasteurized unfrozen combination of ingredients which when frozen while stirring will produce a product conforming to the definition of freezer made shake.

Frozen desserts mean any or all of the following: Ice Cream, Frozen Custard, French Ice Cream, French Custard Ice Cream, Ice Milk, Fruit Sherbets, Water Ices, Non-Fruit Sherbets, Non-Fruit Water Ices, Artificially Sweetened Ice Cream or Frozen Dietary Dairy Dessert, Artificially Sweetened Ice Milk, Frozen Yogurt, Quiescently Frozen Confection, Quiescently Frozen Dairy Confection, Mellorine, Parevine, Lowfat Parevine, Freezer Made Milk Shakes and Freezer Made Shakes. Frozen desserts shall also mean the mix used in the freezing of the preceding list of frozen desserts. Powder or dry frozen dessert mixes are not required to be repasteurized when reconstituted with water as described in 2VAC5-510-540 A.

A. Imitation frozen dessert is any frozen substance, mixture or compound regardless of the name under which it is represented, which that is made in imitation or semblance of ice cream, or is prepared or frozen as ice cream is customarily prepared or frozen, and which that is not Ice Cream; Frozen Custard; French Ice Cream; and French Custard Ice Cream; Ice Milk; Fruit Sherbets; Water Ices; Non-Fruit Sherbets; Non-Fruit Water Ices; Artificially Sweetened Ice Cream or Frozen Dietary Dessert; Artificially Sweetened Ice Milk; Frozen Yogurt; Quiescently Frozen Confection; Quiescently Frozen Dairy Confection; Mellorine; Parevine; Lowfat Parevine; and Freezer Made Milk Shakes; and Freezer Made Shakes ice cream; frozen custard; french ice cream; french custard ice cream; ice milk; fruit sherbet; water ice; non-fruit sherbet; non-fruit water ice; artificially sweetened ice cream or frozen dietary dessert; artificially sweetened ice milk; frozen yogurt; quiescently frozen confection; quiescently frozen dairy confection; mellorine; parevine; lowfat parevine; or freezer made milk shake, as established by definitions and standards of identity in Part III (2VAC5-510-30 et seq.) of this chapter.

B. Powder or dry imitation frozen desserts mixes which that contain no milk or other dairy product ingredients but contain dry whey, reduced minerals whey, whey protein concentrate, reduced lactose whey, and/or or optional caseinates specified in 2VAC5-510-30 E are exempted from the pasteurization requirements of Part XII (2VAC5-510-550 et seq.) of this chapter. The wheys, caseinates, or egg ingredients used in the formulation of these mixes shall have been pasteurized or subjected to any other method of process demonstrated to be equally efficient. Powder or dry imitation frozen dessert mixes shall contain no ingredients except those which that are generally recognized as safe by the Federal Food and Drug Administration or those which that are permitted by this chapter in a frozen dessert.

C. Imitation frozen desserts sold at the retail level may be drawn from a dispensing freezer and a sign must be plainly marked "Imitation....," the blank being filled in with the name of the frozen dessert imitated, in a manner conspicuous to the public in letters at least three inches in height. Imitation frozen desserts shall not be dispensed for sale from packages or containers. "Dispensed" shall mean dipping and scooping from packages or containers.

D. C. No imitation frozen desserts shall be manufactured, sold, advertised, offered, or exposed for sale in this Commonwealth unless 30 days prior to such manufacture, advertisement, offer, exposure for sale, or sale, the manufacturer, offeror, or dealer shall file with the commissioner such intent. The filing herein required shall be on forms supplied by the commissioner and shall include such information as the name under which the imitation frozen dessert is to be advertised or offered for sale, ingredients including any optional ingredients, proportion of ingredients expressed in a percentage, method of preparation, and any other relevant information the commissioner may require.

E. D. Information filed pursuant to this section shall be confidential and used solely for administration and enforcement of this chapter.

F. E. Imitation frozen desserts shall be considered as frozen desserts in the enforcement of Parts IV (2VAC5-510-410) through XIV (2VAC5-510-630 et seq.) of this chapter.

A. Each permit holder shall develop a recall plan that, when implemented, will effectively protect the public from frozen dessert products that present a risk of illness, injury, or gross deception, or are otherwise defective. Each permit holder shall submit a recall plan to VDACS prior to the issuance of any frozen desserts plant permit. VDACS shall review the recall plan or require the recall plan to be modified by the permit holder. A permit holder shall review the permit holder’s recall plan annually and each time the permit holder introduces a new product. Within the 60 days following a recall plan review, if the permit holder determines that modifications to the recall plan are necessary, the permit holder shall revise the recall plan and submit the revised plan to VDACS for approval.

B. A recall plan shall include provisions to provide the following information to VDACS:

1. Identity of the product involved in the recall;

2. Reason for the recall and the date and circumstances under which the product deficiency or possible deficiency was discovered;

3. Evaluation of the risk associated with the deficiency or possible deficiency;

4. Total amount of identified products produced and the time span of the production;

5. Total amount of identified products estimated to be in distribution channels;

6. Distribution information, including the identity of each person to which the identified product was sold and the number of identified products sold to each person;

7. Draft copy of the permit holder's proposed recall communication;

8. Proposed strategy for conducting the recall; and

9. Name and telephone number of the permit holder's representative who should be contacted concerning the recall.

C. Each permit holder shall promptly notify each of its affected direct accounts about a recall and shall prepare a recall communication to:

1. Clearly identify the product, size, lot number, code or serial number, and any

other descriptive information to enable accurate and immediate identification of the

recalled product;

2. Explain concisely the reason for the recall and the hazard involved, if any;

3. Provide specific instructions on what should be done with respect to the recalled product;

4. Require the affected direct account to report to the recalling firm the quantity of the recalled product that the affected direct account has in its possession;

5. State that further distribution or use of any remaining product should cease

immediately; and

6. Where appropriate, state that the affected direct account should notify its customers who received the recalled product.

D. Each permit holder shall provide recall status reports to VDACS as requested by the VDACS until the recall is terminated. Each permit holder shall include in each recall status report the following information:

1. The number of affected direct accounts notified of the recall, and the date and method of notification;

2. The number of affected direct accounts responding to the recall communication and the quantity of products in the affected direct account’s possession at the time the recall communication was received;

3. The number and identity of the affected direct accounts that did not respond to the recall communication;

4. The number of products returned or corrected by each affected direct account that was contacted and the quantity of products that are accounted for;

5. The number of effectiveness checks that were made and the results of those checks; and

6. The estimated time frame for completion of the recall.

E. Each permit holder shall implement its recall plan within eight hours after receipt of written notification to do so by VDACS. If the permit holder fails to implement its recall plan within the eight hours, VDACS may prepare and issue the recall communication.

A. It shall be unlawful for any person who does not possess a permit from the Virginia Department Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services to bring into, send into, or receive into the Commonwealth of Virginia for sale, or to sell, or offer for sale therein, or to have in storage with intent to offer for sale or sell frozen desserts or frozen desserts mix identified in this chapter: Provided, that grocery stores, restaurants, soda fountains, and similar establishments where frozen desserts or frozen desserts mix are regularly served or sold at retail, but not processed, may be exempt from the requirements of this chapter manufacture in the Commonwealth of Virginia any food listed in § 3.2-5212 of the Code of Virginia.

B. Only a person who complies with the requirements of this chapter shall be entitled to receive and retain such a permit. Permits shall not be transferable with respect to persons or locations.

C. The State Regulatory Authority Agency may immediately temporarily suspend such permit, without notice of hearing, whenever it has reason to believe that a public health hazard exists or is imminent, or in case of willful refusal to permit authorized inspection; provided that a formal notice and hearing shall be afforded such suspended permit holder within 72 hours of such suspension. In all other cases of violation of this chapter, the State Regulatory Authority Agency may serve upon the holder a written notice of intent to suspend permit. This notice shall specify the violations in question and may afford the holder a reasonable opportunity to correct the violations; or the State Regulatory Authority Agency shall afford the permit holder the opportunity for a formal hearing pursuant to § 2.2-4020 of the Code of Virginia before taking action to suspend or revoke a permit. A suspension of permit shall remain in effect until the violation has been corrected to the satisfaction of the State Regulatory Authority Agency.

D. Upon gross or repeated violations, the State Regulatory Authority Agency may revoke the permit following reasonable notice to the permit holder and an opportunity for a hearing. Part V (2VAC5-510-420 et seq.) of this chapter is not intended to preclude the institution of court action.

E. The State Regulatory Agency may cancel, suspend, revoke, or deny the permit of any person if:

1. The permit holder does not daily or on a regular basis produce, provide, manufacture, sell, offer for sale, or store in the Commonwealth of Virginia ice cream, frozen desserts, or similar products;

2. The permit holder fails to provide at no cost to the State Regulatory Agency samples of ice cream, frozen desserts, or similar products in the permit holder's possession for testing by the State Regulatory Agency;

3. A public hazard exists that affects the permit holder's ice cream, frozen dessert, or similar products;

4. The permit holder or any agent of the permit holder has obstructed or interfered with the State Regulatory Agency in the performance of its duties;

5. The permit holder or any agent of the permit holder knowingly supplies false or misleading information to the State Regulatory Agency (i) in the person's application for a permit, (ii) concerning the identity of the person or persons who will control the facility that is the subject of the permit, (iii) concerning any investigation conducted by the State Regulatory Agency, or (iv) concerning the location of any part of the permit holder's operation that is subject to a permit;

6. The permit holder fails to correct any deficiency that the State Regulatory Agency has cited in a written notice of intent to suspend the permit holder's permit, as a violation of this chapter;

7. The permit holder sells or offers to sell ice cream, frozen desserts, or similar products that violate any requirement of this chapter;

8. The most recent phosphate test on the permit holder's ice cream, frozen desserts, or similar products containing dairy violates the standard specified in this chapter;

9. The person manufactures, freezes, sells, offers or exposes for sale, or has in his possession with the intent to sell any milk product, frozen dessert ingredients, or frozen dessert mix that is adulterated or misbranded or that does not conform to the product definition or of any regulation made and promulgated under these regulations; or

10. The State Regulatory Agency determines that conditions exist in a frozen desserts plant that would render such entity significantly out of compliance with an applicable provision of this chapter.

The State Regulatory Agency may summarily suspend a permit for violation of any of the following subdivisions of this subsection: 4, 6, 7, 8, or 9.

F. The Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services may suspend from sale or seize any frozen dessert product in violation of this chapter that is processed by any frozen desserts plant permit holder in lieu of suspending the frozen desserts plant permit holder's permit.

G. The Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services may exempt a person who makes a frozen dessert and sells that frozen dessert directly to the consumer from the requirement to obtain a permit issued pursuant to § 3.2-5214 of the Code of Virginia. However, a person who pasteurizes the milk, milk products, or eggs used as ingredients in the frozen dessert is not eligible for this exemption.

A. Any frozen dessert or frozen dessert mix in which a standard of identity has been established under Part III of this chapter (2VAC5-510-30 et seq.) shall be deemed to be misbranded if in container or package form unless it bears a label containing:

1. The name and address of the frozen desserts plant or retail establishment in which the frozen dessert or frozen dessert mix is manufactured, or the name and address of the manufacturer's principal office and a code designation approved by the Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services identifying the plant or establishment in which the food was manufactured.

2. An accurate statement of the quantity of content in terms of liquid measure.

3. The name of the frozen dessert or frozen dessert mix defined under the standards of identity of Part III of this chapter (2VAC5-510-30 et seq.), and

4. The label statement of optional ingredients as required under Part III of this chapter (2VAC5-510-30 et seq.).

B. Where the frozen dessert or frozen dessert mix is not manufactured by the person whose name appears on the label, the label must identify the manufacturer by a code designation approved by the Virginia Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services.

C. All labels must comply with the applicable requirements of 21 CFR Part 101 and any applicable requirements of 21 CFR Part 135.

A. Each frozen desserts plant or frozen desserts establishment in this state whose products are intended for consumption within the Commonwealth of Virginia, shall be inspected by the State Regulatory Authority Agency prior to the issuance of a permit. Following the issuance of a permit, each frozen desserts plant or retail establishment shall be inspected at least once every three months. Should the violation of any requirement set forth in Part VIII (2VAC5-510-450 et seq.) or Part X (2VAC5-510-480 et seq.) of this chapter be found on any inspection, a second inspection shall be required after the time deemed necessary to remedy the violation, but not before three days have passed. This second inspection shall determine compliance with the requirements of Part VIII (2VAC5-510-450 et seq.) and Part X (2VAC5-510-480 et seq.). Any violation of the same requirement of Part VIII (2VAC5-510-450 et seq.) or Part X (2VAC5-510-480 et seq.) on such second inspection shall be cause for permit suspension according to Part V of this chapter (2VAC5-510-420 et seq.), or court action, or both.

B. One A copy of each inspection report shall be handed provided to the operator or other responsible person, or be posted in a conspicuous place on an inside wall of inside the establishment. This inspection report shall not be defaced, and shall be made available to the State Regulatory Authority Agency upon request. An identical copy of the inspection report shall be filed with the State Regulatory Authority. Every plant or frozen desserts establishment operator shall, upon request of the State Regulatory Authority Agency, permit access of officially designated persons to all parts of his plant, establishment, or facilities, at any reasonable time, to determine compliance with the provisions of this chapter.

C. It shall be unlawful for any person who in an official capacity obtains any information under the provisions of this chapter to use such information to his own advantage or to reveal it to any unauthorized person.

A. At irregular intervals during any six month period, at least four samples of frozen desserts and pasteurized mix from each plant shall be taken and examined by the State Regulatory Authority Agency. Samples of the frozen desserts or mix may be taken at any time prior to final delivery.

B. Frozen desserts establishments operating seasonally shall be sampled once every six weeks.

C. Freezer-made milk shakes and freezer-made shakes shall be sampled once every three months, with check samples of violations to be taken promptly.

D. Frozen desserts and mixes imported and offered for sale in the Commonwealth of Virginia shall may be sampled and tested as deemed necessary for the State Regulatory Authority Agency.

E. C. The products shall be tested in accordance with tests and examinations contained in Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products or Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists AOAC International. A modified Roese-Gottlieb test, such as the Mojonnier or Dietert, may be used in making an official determination of the butterfat and total solids content of frozen dairy food products.

F. D. The bacterial quality of commingled milk and cream, and other dairy products for use in the manufacture of frozen desserts and mix, shall comply with the Commonwealth of Virginia regulations for Milk for Manufacturing Purposes and its Production and Processing Regulations Governing Milk for Manufacturing Purposes (2VAC5-531).

Pasteurized⁵ mix, dairy ingredients, frozen desserts, and unpasteurized⁵ imitation mixes and imitation frozen desserts shall comply with the following standards:

¹In three out of the last five consecutive samples taken by the Regulatory Agency.

²This does not preclude holding mix at higher temperatures for a short period of time immediately prior to freezing where applicable to particular manufacturing or processing practices.

³This does not apply to sterilized mix in hermetically sealed containers.

⁴20/gr. for chocolate, fruit, nuts, or other bulky flavored frozen desserts.

⁵The phenol value shall be no greater than the minimum specified for the particular product, as determined by the phosphatase test of the latest edition of "Standard Methods."

⁶This does not apply to powder or dry frozen desserts mix.

A. Whenever two of the last four consecutive bacteria counts, coliform determinations, or cooling temperatures taken on separate days exceed the limit of the standard for milk, cream, fluid dairy ingredients, frozen dessert mix, or frozen desserts, the State Regulatory Authority Agency shall send a written notice thereof to the person concerned. This notice shall be in effect so long as two of the last four consecutive samples exceed the limit of the standard. An additional sample of the product in violation shall be taken within 14 21 days of the sending of such notice, but not before the lapse of three days. Immediate suspension of permit or court action shall be instituted whenever the standard is violated by three of the last five bacteria counts, coliform determinations, or cooling temperatures.

B. The State Regulatory Authority Agency may forego suspension of the permit, provided that the product or products in violation are not sold or offered for sale.

C. Whenever a phosphatase test is positive, the cause shall be determined. Where the cause is improper pasteurization, it shall be corrected, and any product involved shall not be offered for sale.

A. Construction, maintenance, and plants.

1. Buildings shall be of sound construction. The exterior and interior shall be kept clean and in good repair to protect against dust, dirt, and mold, and to prevent the entrance or harboring of insects, rodents, vermin and other animals.

2. In processing areas, outside doors, windows, skylights, and transoms shall be screened or otherwise covered. Such outside doors shall not open inward and shall be self-closing; and doors leading to processing rooms shall be sound and tight fitting. Windowsills on new construction shall be sloping. Outside conveyor openings and other special type outside openings for sanitary pipelines shall be covered when not in use; and service-pipe openings shall be completely cemented around the pipe opening or have tight metal collars.

3. All rooms, compartments, coolers, freezers and dry storage space in which any raw material packaging, ingredient supplies, or finished products are handled, processed, manufactured, packaged, or stored shall be designed and constructed to assure clean and orderly operations. Rooms for receiving milk shall be separated from the processing area by a partition or suitable arrangement of equipment or facilities to avoid contamination of milk or dairy products. Boiler and tool rooms shall be separated from other rooms. Toilet and dressing rooms shall be conveniently located and shall not open directly into any room in which milk, dairy products, or ingredients are handled, processed, packaged, or stored. Doors of all toilet rooms shall be self-closing; and fixtures shall be kept clean and in good repair.

4. Plans for new plant construction or major remodeling of existing plants shall be submitted to the State Regulatory Authority Agency for approval prior to such new construction or remodeling.

B. Interior finishing.

1. In all rooms in which milk or dairy products are received and processed and where mix and frozen desserts are manufactured, packaged, or stored, (except dry storage of packaging materials), or in which equipment or utensils are washed, the walls, ceilings, partitions, and posts shall be smoothly finished with a washable material of light color that is substantially impervious to moisture. A wainscoting of a suitable material in a darker color may be used to a height not exceeding 60 inches from the floor.

2. The floors in these rooms shall be of concrete or other impervious material and shall be smooth, properly graded to drain, and have drains trapped; except that freezers used for storing frozen desserts, frozen fruits, frozen eggs, and comparable ingredients need not be provided with floor drains; but the floors shall be sloped to drain to one or more exits, and shall be kept clean. The plumbing shall be installed to prevent backup of sewage into the plant. On new construction or extensive remodeling, the floors shall be joined and coved with the walls to form watertight joints. Sound, smooth, wood floors may be used in certain packaging rooms where the nature of the product permits. Toilet and dressing rooms shall have impervious floors and smooth walls.

C. Ventilation and lighting.

1. All rooms and compartments (including storage space and toilet and dressing rooms) shall be ventilated to maintain sanitary conditions, prevent undue condensation of water vapor, and minimize or eliminate objectionable odors.

2. Lighting, whether natural or artificial, shall be of good quality and well distributed in all rooms and compartments. All rooms where milk, dairy products, or mix and frozen desserts are handled, processed, manufactured, or packaged, or where equipment or utensils are washed, shall have at least 30 foot-candles of light intensity on all working surfaces; areas where dairy products are examined for condition and quality, at least 50 foot-candles of light intensity; and all other rooms, at least five foot-candles or intensity measured 30 inches above the floor. Light bulbs and fluorescent tubes shall be protected against breakage.

A. Water supply.

1. Both hot and cold water of safe and sanitary quality shall be available in sufficient quantity for all plant operations and facilities. Water from other lines, when officially approved, may be used for boiler feed water and condenser water, if such water lines are completely separated from the water lines carrying the sanitary water supply, and if the equipment is constructed and controlled to prevent contamination of any product or product contact surface. There shall be no cross-connections between safe and unsafe water lines or between private and public supply.

2. Bacteriological examination shall be made of the plant sanitary private water supply at least once every six months by the appropriate State Regulatory Authority Agency to determine purity and safety for use in processing or manufacturing dairy products.

3. The results of all plant private water supply tests shall be kept on file at the plant for at least one year. Public water supply tests shall be made available to the State Regulatory Agency if requested.

B. Employee facilities.

1. In addition to toilet and dressing rooms, the plant shall provide the following employee facilities:

a. Conveniently located sanitary drinking water;

b. A locker or other suitable facility for each employee;

c. b. Hand washing facilities, including hot and cold running water under pressure and connected to the sewage system, soap or other detergents, and single service towels or approved hand drying device, and sanitary rooms and at other places where necessary for the cleanliness of all personnel handling products; and

d. c. Self-closing containers for used towels and other wastes.

2. A durable, legible sign shall be posted conspicuously in each toilet and dressing room directing employees to wash their hands before returning to work.

C. Steam. Steam shall be supplied in sufficient volume and pressure for satisfactory operation of each applicable piece of equipment. Steam that may come into direct contact with milk or dairy products shall be culinary steam. Culinary steam shall comply with the 3-A Accepted Practices, "Method of Producing Steam of Culinary Quality," Number 609-02 (3-A Sanitary Standards, Incorporated) 3-A Accepted Practices, "Method of Producing Steam of Culinary Quality," Number 609-03 (3-A Sanitary Standards, Incorporated, adopted November 21, 2004).

D. Disposal of wastes. The plant sewage system shall have sufficient slope and capacity to remove readily all waste from processing operations. Where a public sewer is not available, wastes shall be disposed of by methods approved by the State Regulatory Authority Agency. Containers for the collection and holding of wastes other than dry waste paper shall be constructed of metal or other equally impervious material, kept covered with tight-fitting lids, and placed outside the plant on a concrete slab or on a rack raised at least 12 inches; however, waste containers may be kept inside a suitable enclosed, clean, and fly-proof room. Solid wastes shall be disposed of regularly in an approved manner, and the containers cleaned before reuse. Dry waste paper shall be burned at the plant in an approved incinerator, or compressed or bagged and disposed of in an approved manner.

A. No facility, equipment, storage, or processing area that requires inspection may be accessed through any room used for domestic purposes or part of any room used for domestic purposes.

B. A toilet room used for domestic purposes shall be approved as complying with the requirements of this chapter only if (i) the toilet room is located within 300 feet of the processing facility and (ii) all labor utilized in the processing facility is provided by the permit holder’s immediate family.

A. Construction and installation.

1. New equipment shall meet applicable 3-A Sanitary Standards. Equipment and utensils coming in contact with milk, dairy products, mix or frozen desserts, including sanitary pumps, piping, fittings, and connections, shall be constructed of stainless steel or other equally corrosion-resistant and easily cleanable material. Where the use of stainless steel is not practicable, or in old equipment, other properly coated or plated metals may be approved temporarily. Nonmetallic parts having product contact surfaces shall be of materials that meet 3-A Sanitary Standards, "Multiple-Use Rubber and Rubber-Like Materials Used as Product Contact Surfaces in Dairy Equipment," Number 18-03 (3-A Sanitary Standards, Incorporated, effective August 21, 1999), and "Multiple-Use Plastic Materials Used as Product Contact Surfaces for Dairy Equipment," Number 20-21 20-27 (3-A Sanitary Standards, Incorporated, effective July 7, 2011).

2. Bulk storage and distribution equipment for handling liquid sweetening agents shall consist of suitable metals, alloys, or other materials which that will withstand corrosive action by the ingredient; and the equipment and ingredients shall be protected from contamination.

3. All equipment and piping shall be designed and installed to be easily accessible for cleaning, shall be kept in good repair, and free from cracks and corroded surfaces. Milk pumps shall be of a sanitary type and easily dismantled, for cleaning or shall be of specifically approved construction to allow cleaning in place. New or rearranged equipment shall be set away from any wall or spaced in such a manner as to facilitate proper cleaning and to maintain good housekeeping. All parts or interior surfaces or equipment, pipes (except certain piping cleaned-in-place), or fittings, including valves and connections, shall be accessible for inspection. Cleaned-in-place sanitary piping and welded sanitary pipeline systems will be acceptable if properly engineered and installed according to 3-A Accepted Practices, "Permanently Installed Product and Solution Pipelines and Cleaning Systems Used in Milk and Milk Product Processing Plants," Number 605-04 (3-A Sanitary Standards, Incorporated, effective August 20, 1994).

B. Pasteurization equipment.

1. Pasteurization equipment shall comply with 3-A Accepted Practices, "Sanitary Construction, Installation, Testing, and Operation of High Temperature Short-Time and Higher-Heat Shorter-Time Pasteurizer Systems," Number 603-06 603-07 (3-A Sanitary Standards, Incorporated, effective November 21, 2005) and 3-A Sanitary Standards, "Non-Coiled Type Batch Pasteurizers for Milk and Milk Products," Number 24-02 24-03 (3-A Sanitary Standards, Incorporated, effective July 16, 2010).

2. Heat treatment equipment used to reach temperatures higher than commonly used for pasteurization shall comply with appropriate sanitary construction and operating procedures approved by the State Regulatory Authority Agency.

3. Whenever it is necessary to break a seal on such equipment, this equipment shall be properly adjusted and placed in correct operation immediately. The breaking of the seal and the adjustment made shall be reported immediately to the State Regulatory Authority Agency in order that the equipment can be officially checked and resealed.

C. Cleaning and sanitizing.

1. Equipment, sanitary piping, and utensils used in receiving, storing, processing, manufacturing, packaging, and handling milk, dairy products, mix or frozen desserts, and all product contact surfaces of homogenizers, high-pressure pumps, and high-pressure lines shall be kept clean.

2. The packing glands on all agitators, pumps, and vats shall be inspected at regular intervals and kept clean.

3. After being cleaned, and immediately before use, all equipment coming in contact with milk, dairy products, mix or frozen desserts shall have an effective bactericidal or sanitizing treatment.

4. Before use, equipment not designed for C-I-P cleaning shall have been disassembled and thoroughly cleaned and sanitized. Dairy cleaners, wetting agents, detergents, sanitizing agents, or other similar material may be used that will not contaminate or adversely affect dairy products. Steel wool or metal sponges shall not be used in the cleaning of any dairy equipment or utensils.

5. C-I-P cleaning shall be used only on equipment and pipeline systems that are designed and engineered for that purpose. Installation and cleaning procedures shall comply with 3-A Accepted Practices, "Permanently Installed Product and Solution Pipelines and Cleaning Systems Used in Milk and Milk Processing Plants," Number 605-04 (3-A Sanitary Standards, Incorporated, effective August 20, 1994). An outline of the cleaning procedures to be followed shall be posted near the C-I-P equipment.

6. Applicable equipment and areas in the plant shall be thoroughly vacuumed regularly with a heavy-duty industrial vacuum cleaner. The material picked up shall be disposed of by burning or other means in a manner to destroy any insects present.

7. Exhaust stacks, elevators, and conveyors shall be inspected at regular intervals and kept clean.

8. Storage or holding tanks used to store milk, milk products, frozen desserts, or frozen desserts mix shall be cleaned and sanitized when empty and shall be emptied at least every 72 hours.

A. All vehicles A vehicle used to transport mix, frozen desserts, cream, milk, and dairy products shall be constructed and operated to protect their the vehicle's contents from heat, sun, and contamination. Such vehicles The vehicle shall be kept clean; and no substance capable of contaminating mix, frozen desserts, cream, milk, and dairy products shall be transported in them the vehicle. Vehicles A vehicle transporting frozen desserts or mix to wholesale or retail outlets shall have the name of the distributor prominently displayed on them the vehicle.

B. A covered or enclosed dock for loading, unloading, and washing tank trucks, and other facilities shall be available at all plants that receive or ship milk, fluid dairy ingredients, or frozen desserts mix in tanks. A plant shall provide approved equipment when deemed necessary by the State Regulatory Authority Agency to prevent contamination of products while being loaded or unloaded in tank trucks.

C. Milk transport tanks, sanitary piping, fittings, and pumps shall be cleaned and sanitized after each use. Tanks and equipment shall be washed promptly after use and given bactericidal treatment immediately sanitized before use. After being washed and sanitized, each tank shall be identified by a tag that is attached to the outlet valve, having and that states the following information: (i) plant and specific location where cleaned, (ii) date and time of day of washing and sanitizing, and (iii) name of persons who washed and sanitized the tank. The tag shall not be removed until the tank is again washed and sanitized.

Frozen desserts retail establishments, including commissaries and depots, shall comply with applicable provisions of Part X of this chapter (2VAC5-510-480 et seq.).

A. Powder or dry frozen desserts mix shall be reconstituted with potable water in one of the following ways:

1. If the retail establishment frozen desserts plant possesses and uses a mechanical means capable of cooling the reconstituted mix to 45°F (7.2°C) within four hours, cold tap water may be used.

2. If the retail establishment frozen desserts plant does not possess or use a mechanical means capable of cooling the reconstituted mix to 45°F (7.2°C) within four hours, only potable water at a temperature of 40°F (4.4°C) or below shall be used.

B. Powder or dry frozen desserts mix is not required to be re-pasteurized after being reconstituted with water.

C. Powder or dry frozen desserts mix may be reconstituted with pasteurized milk at a temperature of 40°F (4.4°C) or below.

A. Except for flavoring ingredients, the entire mix shall be pasteurized after formulation. A frozen dairy dessert mix must be re-pasteurized at the receiving plant before being offered for sale, unless the State Regulatory Agency grants permission for the frozen dairy dessert mix to be sold without re-pasteurization. Pasteurized mix or frozen desserts shall not be permitted to come in contact with equipment or containers with which unpasteurized mix, frozen desserts, milk, or milk products have been in contact, unless such equipment has first been properly washed and subjected to a satisfactory bactericidal treatment. Powdered or dry frozen dessert mixes are not required to be re-pasteurized after being reconstituted with water as described in 2VAC5-510-540 of this chapter sanitized.

B. All milk, milk products, eggs, egg products, cocoa, cocoa products, emulsifiers, stabilizers, vitamins, and liquid sweeteners shall be added to the frozen dessert before it is pasteurized except when:

1. The frozen desserts plant demonstrates to the State Regulatory Agency's satisfaction that the addition of these ingredients prior to pasteurization will negatively impact the ability to produce the product or the quality of the product;

2. The frozen desserts plant maintains records that demonstrate to the State Regulatory Agency's satisfaction the science proving that the ingredients that are added after pasteurization are safe and suitable; and

3. The ingredients are safely and sanitarily added to the frozen dessert product.

C. Flavoring and coloring ingredients may be added after pasteurization when:

1. The ingredient has been subjected to a prior heat treatment sufficient to destroy pathogenic microorganisms;

2. The ingredient has 0.85 per cent water activity (a_w of 0.85) or less when the water activity is calculated by dividing the water vapor pressure of the ingredient by the vapor pressure of pure water when at the same temperature as the ingredient;

3. The ingredient has a high acid content (pH level of 4.6 or below when measured at 75°F (23.9°C)) or high alkalinity (pH level greater than 11 when measured at 75°F (23.9°C));

4. The ingredient's alcohol content is sufficient to assure that pathogenic microorganisms will not be transferred to the final product;

5. The ingredient consists of safe and suitable bacterial cultures or enzymes;

6. The ingredient is dry sugar or salt; or

7. The ingredient is subjected to any process acceptable to the State Regulatory Agency that will assure that the ingredient is free of pathogenic microorganisms.

After heat treatment or pasteurization, processed fluid milk products including mix (except for sterilized mix in hermetically sealed containers) shall be cooled promptly to 45°F (7.2°C) or lower and maintained there at that temperature until used, provided that storage or holding tanks used to store milk, milk products, frozen desserts, or frozen desserts mix shall be cleaned and sanitized when empty and shall be emptied at least every 72 hours. Fluid milk products may be held at higher temperatures for a short time immediately prior to freezing when applicable to particular manufacturing or processing practices.

A. Utensils and portable equipment used in processing operations shall be stored above the floor in clean, dry locations, and in self-draining positions on racks constructed of impervious, corrosion-resistant material.

B. Dripped or spilled products or ingredients shall not be sold for human consumption.

C. Dairy products, mix or frozen dessert ingredients in dry storage shall be arranged in aisles, rows, sections, or lots, or in such other manner as to be orderly and easily accessible for inspection, and to permit adequate cleaning of the room. Dunnage or pallets shall be used when appropriate. Dairy products, mix or frozen dessert ingredients shall not be stored with any product that would damage them or impair their quality. Open containers shall be carefully protected from contamination.

D. All products requiring refrigeration, except where otherwise specified, shall be stored under optimum temperatures and humidity to maintain their quality and condition. Products shall not be placed directly on wet floors, or be exposed to foreign odors, or subjected to conditions, such as dripping or condensation, that might cause package or product damage.

E. Items in supply storage rooms shall be kept clean and protected, and be arranged to permit inspection of supplies and cleaning and spraying of the room. Insecticides and rodenticides shall be properly labeled, segregated, and stored in a separate room or cabinet away from milk or dairy products or packaging supplies. Caps, parchment papers, wrappers, liners, gaskets, and single service sticks, spoons, covers, and containers for frozen desserts, mix or their ingredients shall be purchased and stored only in sanitary tubes, wrappings, or cartons. These; shall be kept in a clean, dry place until used; and shall be handled in a sanitary manner.

Lubricants approved for use on milk product contact surfaces that are applied to filling machine pistons, cylinders, pumps, and valves shall be sterile, approved for food grade use and shall be applied in a sanitary manner.

A. Plant employees shall wash their hands before beginning work, and upon returning to work after using toilet facilities, eating, smoking, or otherwise soiling their hands. They shall keep their hands clean and follow good hygienic practices while on duty. Expectorating or use of tobacco in any form shall be prohibited in rooms and compartments where milk, dairy products, mix or frozen desserts are unpacked or exposed. Clean white or light colored washable outer-garments and caps (paper caps or hairnets are acceptable) adequate hair restraints shall be worn by all persons engaged in processing milk, dairy products, mix or frozen desserts.

B. In addition, employees Employees engaged in manual molding, wrapping, and touching any product contact surface shall treat their clean hands with a bactericide of approved strength wash their hands with hot, soapy water and dry their hands with single-use paper towels or an approved hand drying device before beginning such work and after each interruption. Rubber Disposable, single-use rubber or plastic gloves may be used if sanitized as above.

A. No person afflicted with a communicable disease shall be permitted in any room or compartment where milk, dairy products, mix or frozen desserts are prepared, processed, or otherwise handled. A person who is affected with any disease in a communicable form or who is a carrier of a communicable disease may not work at any frozen desserts plant in any capacity that would bring him in contact with the production, handling, storage, or transportation of milk, milk products, other frozen dessert ingredients, frozen desserts, or frozen desserts mix containers, equipment, or utensils. No person who has a discharging or infected wound, sore, or lesion on hands, arms, or other exposed portions of the body shall work in any plant processing or packaging rooms or in any other capacity resulting in contact with milk, dairy products, mix or frozen dessert.

B. Each employee whose work brings him in contact with the processing or handling of milk, dairy products, mix or frozen desserts, containers or equipment shall have a medical and physical examination by a registered physician or by the local department of health, and shall furnish a satisfactory medical certificate prior to employment. An employee returning to work following illness from a communicable disease shall have a certificate from his attending physician to establish proof of complete recovery.

All records herein required to be kept by plants shall be available for examination by the State Regulatory Authority at reasonable times. A plant shall, at reasonable times, make available for examination by the State Regulatory Agency all records that this chapter and 21 CFR Part 117 Subpart C, if applicable, require the plant to maintain.

The results of all plant water supply tests shall be kept on file at the plant for at least one year.

Recorder charts showing the pasteurization record for each day shall be appropriately marked with the name of the product for each batch, date, time, and signature of the operator, and the markings made by the recording device shall not overlap. Recorder charts showing the C-I-P record for each day shall be appropriately marked, and the markings made by the recording device shall not overlap. Temperature recording charts shall be labeled with the name of the product for each batch, date, time, and signature of the operator, and the markings made by the recording device shall not overlap. The charts Charts shall be kept on file at the plant for at least six months. Electronic records or records in a format designated by the State Regulatory Agency may be used in lieu of recording charts with prior State Regulatory Agency approval.

Current-employee medical certificates shall be kept on file at the plant.

Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Permit Application.

Dairy Manufacturing Permit Application Part I (rev. 04/22)

Dairy Manufacturing Permit Application Part II (rev. 04/22)

Dairy Manufacturing Plant Inspection Report (rev. 02/18)

Milk Plant Equipment Test Report (rev. 11/23)

Vat Pasteurizer Equipment Test Report (rev. 02/18)

Official Warning Notice (rev. 04/22)

Official Suspension Notice (rev. 04/22)

3-A Accepted Practices, Method of Producing Steam of Culinary Quality, Number 609-02, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

3-A Accepted Practices for a Method of Producing Culinary Steam, Number 609-03, adopted November 21, 2004, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

3-A Sanitary Standards, Multiple-Use Rubber and Rubber-Like Materials Used as Product Contact Surfaces in Dairy Equipment, Number 18–03, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

3-A Sanitary Standards for Multiple-Use Rubber and Rubber-Like Materials Used as Product Contact Surfaces in Dairy Equipment, Number 18-03, effective August 21, 1999, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

3-A Sanitary Standards, Multiple-Use Plastic Materials Used as Product Contact Surfaces for Dairy Equipment, Number 20-21, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

3-A Sanitary Standards for Multiple-Use Plastic Materials, Number 20-27, effective July 7, 2011, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

3-A Accepted Practices, Permanently Installed Product and Solution Pipelines and Cleaning Systems Used in Milk and Milk Product Processing Plants, Number 605-04, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

3-A Accepted Practices for Permanently Installed Product and Solution Pipelines and Cleaning Systems Used in Milk and Milk Product Processing Plants, Number 605-04, effective August 20, 1994, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

3-A Accepted Practices, Sanitary Construction, Installation, Testing, and Operation of High Temperature Short-Time and Higher-Heat Shorter-Time Pasteurizer Systems, Number 603-06, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

3-A Accepted Practices for the Sanitary Construction, Installation, Testing, and Operation of High Temperature Short-Time and Higher-Heat Shorter-Time Pasteurizer Systems, Number 603-07, effective November 21, 2005, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

3-A Sanitary Standards, Non-Coiled Type Batch Pasteurizers for Milk and Milk Products, Number 24-02, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

3-A Sanitary Standards for Non-Coiled Type Batch Pasteurizers for Milk and Milk Products, Number 24-03, effective July 16, 2010, 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.