Because childhood trauma is so pervasive and interferes with learning, and because new teachers receive only minimal information on this topic, I strongly recommend strengthening these requirements in the regulations. Specifically, I suggest the following language be added:

Sec. 8VAC20-23-130(1) and Sec. 8VAC20-23-190(1):  Following the words "substance abuse" and before the words "family disruptions," add "trauma, including child abuse and neglect and other adverse childhood experiences."

Sec. 8VAC20-23-130(3) and Sec. 8VAC20-23(190)(5): Add a sentence at the end of the paragraph as follows: "Approaches must also take into account the impact of trauma on the student, including child abuse and neglect and other adverse childhood experiences."